宁夏引进黑核桃果实产量及品质分析

对宁夏引进10a的19株黑核桃从果实丰产性状、外观品质和营养品质3方面开展调查,对高产优树果实的各外观品质及营养品质进行相关分析。综合单株产量及单位树冠投影面积产仁量两项指标的调查结果,获得丰产性状较好的优树7株;主要外观品质分析表明,7株优树单果质量变幅为6.9～26.1g,核仁质量变幅为1.4～4.6g,壳厚变幅为0.1～0.4cm,出仁率变幅为17.7%～27.4%;其中单果质量与核仁质量呈极显著相关,与壳厚呈显著相关。营养品质分析表明,7株优树总脂肪质量分数变幅为51.2%～58.4%,总蛋白质量分数变幅为5.9%～11.7%,脂肪酸组分中不饱和脂肪酸(油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸)质量分数以A6最高,达87.45%;饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸、硬脂酸)质量分数以W5最高,达到40.36%。其中总蛋白与油酸、棕榈酸与硬脂酸呈显著负相关,其他各营养成分间无明显相关性。A6、L24、L323株优树具有选育为高油品种的潜力。

Analysis of the Nut Quantities and Qualities of Black Walnut Induced into Ningxia

The 19 strains of black walnut for planting 10 years introduced into Ningxia were chosen as experimental objects,and the yield character,shell character and nutrition quality of the strains were investigated,using software of SPSS to analyze the correlation of the characteristics of shell and nutrition from the high-yield stains.The result showed that there were 7 strains of black walnut possessing fertility character were chosen by individual yield and kernel producing per crown vertical projected unit area.Analysis on the main shell character of the 7 strains were showed as followed.Amplitude of per nut quality was between 6.9 g and 26.1 g.Amplitude of kernel quality was between 1.4 g and 4.6 g.Amplitude of shell thickness between 0.1 cm and 0.4 cm.Amplitude of kernel ratio between 17.7 percent and 27.4 percent.Correlation analysis on single-fruit quality and kernel quality,single-fruit quality and shell thickness showed very significantly positive correlation and significantly positive correlation respectively.Analyses on the nutrition quality of the 7 strains were showed as followed.Amplitude of total fat mass fraction was between 51.2 percent and 58.4 percent.Amplitude of total protein mass fraction was between 5.9 percent and 11.7 percent.The mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids including oleic acid,octadecadienoic acid and octadecatrienoic acid of A6 was highest as 87.45%.The mass fraction of saturated fatty acids including hexadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid of W5 was highest as 40.36 percent.The significantly negative correlation was analyzed between the total protein and oleic acid,hexadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid respectively.The finding will provide the reliable theory evidence for breeding of high yield and high quality black walnut choiceness varieties in Ningxia.The 3 stains of A6,L24,L32 have great potential to breeding high-oil walnut cultivars for their highest fatty acid content.