更新修剪对苹果树冠结构及果实品质的影响

利用LAI-2000冠层分析仪测定渭北高原果园盛果末期苹果树冬季更新修剪和长放修剪(对照)后的叶面积指数(LAI)、冠层开度(DIFN)、平均叶倾角(MTA)、消光系数(K),更新修剪和长放修剪苹果树的果实产量、果实品质。结果表明,更新修剪显著提高叶面积指数和平均叶倾角,略微提高消光系数,显著降低冠层开度。更新修剪显著提高果实产量、单果质量、果形指数、有机酸质量分数及经济产值,对果实着色、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、硬度、Vc等无显著影响。渭北高原盛果末期苹果树应采用更新修剪。

Effect of Renewal Pruning on Apple Canopy and Fruit Quality

In Weibei Plateau,the apple trees at final full productive stage were pruned by renewal pruning and long branch pruning(control) in winter pruning season,and the leaf area index(LAI),canopy openness(DIFN),average foliar obliquity(MTA),extinction coefficient(K) of trees were measured by LAI-2000 Canopy Analyzer at growth stage(in July),fruit yields and related indicators of fruit quality were measured at harvest stage(in October).The results showed that renewal pruning significantly increased leaf area index and average foliar obliquity,slightly increased extinction coefficient,and significantly reduced canopy openness.Renewal pruning significantly increased fruit yields,fruit mass,fruit shape index,organic acid mass fraction,economic value,and had no significant effects on coloring area,soluble solids,soluble sugar,fruit firmness,and vitamin C.Renewal pruning should be an appropriate pruning method for apple trees at final full productive age in Weibei Plateau.