加工番茄植株浸提液对受体作物幼苗生长及酶活性的影响

为探讨加工番茄植株的化感潜力,采用蛭石培养试验研究了加工番茄植株水浸提液对白菜、萝卜、棉花和小麦幼苗生长及酶活性的影响。结果表明,加工番茄植株水浸提液对白菜、萝卜、棉花和小麦种子的萌发和幼苗生长及幼苗叶片酶活性均存在不同程度化感作用。随着浸提液质量浓度的增加,化感作用不断加强,且表现出一定的质量浓度效应,果实水浸提液质量浓度为0.01g·mL-1时,对白菜幼苗根长有促进作用,质量浓度为0.08g·mL-1时,对其根长表现为抑制作用;不同器官的水浸提液对受体植物的化感作用也存在差异,其作用强度大部分表现为果实叶片茎根,当质量浓度为0.08g·mL-1时,果实浸提液对棉花幼苗鲜质量的抑制作用与根、茎和叶相比分别增加19.7%、23.4%和15.1%,差异达显著水平(P0.05);不同受体对不同质量浓度浸提液的化感效应不同,对棉花和小麦幼苗鲜质量的抑制作用在质量浓度为0.02g·mL-1时就达显著水平,而对萝卜和白菜幼苗鲜质量的抑制作用在质量浓度为0.04g·mL-1时开始表现显著。可见,棉花和小麦对加工番茄水浸提液的敏感度高于白菜和萝卜,说明加工番茄各器官浸提液对小麦和棉花的化感效应明显。

Effects of Different Organ Aqueous Extracts of Processing Tomato on Crop Seedling Growth and Enzyme Activities

To understand the allelopathic potential of processing tomatoes, vermiculite culture was used to research the effects of aqueous extracts from processing tomatoes on seedling growth and enzyme activity of four indicator species: cabbage, radish, cotton and wheat. Results showed that the effect of the extracts varied among the indicator species. Furthermore the negative allelopathic effects generally increased as the concentration of the extracts increased. Extracts from tomato fruit had the greatest allelopathic effect, followed by extracts from tomato leaves, stems, and roots. The differences among plant parts were significant (P<0.05). Compared with root, stem and leaf extracts, at concentrations of 0.08 g·mL^-1, the inhibitive effect of tomato fruit extract on cotton seedling fresh mass were increased by 19.7%, 23.4% and 15.1% respectively. Aqueous extracts at concentrations of 0.02 g·mL^-1 had significant effects on the fresh seedling mass of cotton and wheat. Aqueous extracts at concentrations of 0.04 g·mL^-1 had significant effects on the fresh seedling mass of turnip and cabbage. The results showed that cotton and wheat are highly sensitive to the aqueous extracts of processing tomatoes than cabbage and radish, therefore, the different organ aqueous extracts of processing tomatoes significant allelopathy on cotton and wheat.