除草剂对小麦生长及产量的影响

近几年,兴平市麦田经常出现小麦不结实现象,为探明其与除草剂喷施的关系,选用6种玉米田除草剂和一种杀虫剂,在小麦始花期和灌浆期分别喷施,研究其对小麦生长及产量的影响。结果表明,始花期喷施烟嘧磺隆致使小麦不能正常结实和升浆,收获后千粒质量减少92%以上,喷施莠去津和甲·乙·莠致使小麦旗叶干枯,收获后千粒质量减少35%以上;灌浆期喷施w=8%烟嘧磺隆致使小麦千粒质量减少12.9%,喷施莠去津、烟嘧磺隆+莠去津和甲·乙·莠致使旗叶干枯,收获后千粒质量分别减少28.2%、33.4%和21.0%;在小麦始花期与灌浆期喷施毒死蜱与二甲四氯钠对小麦生长与千粒质量无影响。

Effect of Herbicides on Growth and Production of Wheat

Over the past few years, wheat barrenness has been reported frequently in the field of Xingping, Shaanxi province.In order to determine the relationship between barrenness and herbicides application, six herbicides and one insecticide were selected and sprayed at initial flowering period and grain-filling stage to explore the effect of herbicides on wheat growth and production.Results showed that abnormal seed-setting and grain-filling were both caused by Nicosulfuron applied at initial flowering period.The thousand-seed mass of harvested wheat was reduced by more than 92%.Application of Atrazine or Alachlor-Acetochlor-Atrazine resulted in dried wheat flag leaves and reduction of the thousand-seed mass of harvested wheat by more than 35%.At grain-filling stage, w=8% Nicosulfuron led to thousand-seed mass of harvested wheat reduction by 12.9%.The Atrazine, Nicosulfuron plus Atrazine, and Alachlor-Acetochlor-Atrazine led to dried wheat flag leaves and the reduction of thousand-seed mass of harvested wheat by 28.2%, 33.4% and 21.0%, respectively.Results indicated that there was no effect on wheat growth and production when Chlorpyrifos or MCPA-Na was applied at initial flowering period and grain-filling stage of wheat.