生防菌SF1103、SF1104对黄瓜枯萎病菌的拮抗作用

为探明生防菌SF1103、SF1104对黄瓜枯萎病菌的拮抗作用,采用平板对峙法、菌丝混合及凹玻片孢子培养法研究其拮抗能力,采用特异平板培养法分析生防菌的产酶及次生代谢产物,并通过盆栽试验分析其对生防菌的防效。结果表明,经2株生防菌发酵液处理的病原菌的菌丝与孢子形态发生严重畸形并停止发育;2株生防菌均能分泌高活力的蛋白酶与纤维素酶,此外,SF1103具有解磷作用,SF1104能分泌嗜铁素;盆栽试验表明,使用复合菌剂处理的出苗率较对照组提高23.3%,较化学防治组提高29.4%;发病率较无防治组下降25.9%,防效达到77.8%。生防菌SF1103、SF1104对黄瓜枯萎病菌具有较强的拮抗能力,不仅能有效防治黄瓜枯萎病,并且对黄瓜的出苗生长有促进作用,有望进一步开发为生防菌剂产品。

Antagonism of Biocontrol Bacteria SF1103 and SF1104 on Wilt Pathogen in Cucumber

To understand the antagonism of SF1103 and SF1104 strains on wilt pathogen in cucumber,we studied the antagonism of the two strains on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum via the plate confrontation test,the hyphae mixed cultivation test,and the test of spore cultivation using the concave slide method.We analyzed the ability of secrete enzymes and secondary metabolite of the two strains using specific plate culture method,and we also analyzed the control efficacy of the two strains on F.oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum in potted test.The results showed that the hyphae and spores of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum were severely deformed and inhibited under the treatments of the two bacteria.Both of the two strains could produce protease and cellulose.The strain (SF1103) was able to decompose phosphorus,and the strain (SF1104) could produce siderophore.The results of control effect of the potted plant showed that the emergence rate of cucumbers under the treatment of the mixed biocontrol agents increased 23.3% and 29.4% higher than that of the blank control and chemical control,respectively.The morbidity of potted plants treated with biological control agents dropped 25.9% compared with non control group,the control efficacy was 77.8%.SF1103 and SF1104 strains not only showed strong antagonism on wilt pathogen in cucumber,but also promoted the growth of germination.These strains could be exploited so as to become effective biological agents in the future.