吉林省主要水稻品种稻瘟病抗性分析及分子辅助改良

为深入研究已经克隆的部分稻瘟病抗性基因在吉林省主要水稻品种和优良品系的分布,并为分子标记辅助选择培育稻瘟病抗性品种提供理论依据。根据已经克隆的10个稻瘟病抗性基因序列设计特异引物,对目前吉林省主要推广的13个水稻品种和15个主要品系进行稻瘟病抗性基因筛选。根据稻瘟病抗性基因筛选结果,进一步进行聚类分析、杂交组合配制及分子标记辅助选择,共获得24株理想的多基因聚合F4单株,并进行苗期稻瘟病接种鉴定。结果表明,Pi2、Pi36、Pi37、Pikh、Piz-t和Pi-ta等稻瘟病抗性基因在目前吉林省主要推广水稻品种中分布较为广泛,而Pi9、Pib、Pi21和Pi-d2分布较少。同时发现,品种间稻瘟病抗性基因有较好的互补性,可以有效地进行多基因聚合。因此,在吉林省通过分子标记辅助选择培育抗性优良的稻瘟病新品种是一种有效可行的途径。

Rice Blast Resistance Analysis and Molecular Assistant Improvement of Main Rice Varieties in Jilin Province

To investigate the distribution of some cloned rice blast resistance genes in the main rice varieties and excellent rice lines in Jilin Province can provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of rice blast resistant varieties by molecular marker assisted selection. Based on the sequences of 10 cloned rice blast resistance genes,specific primers were designed to screen the used rice blast resistance genes in 13 major rice varieties and 15 main lines of Jilin province. According to the above results,cluster analysis, crosses and molecular marker assisted selection were carried out and 24 F₂ individual plants of multiple-gene polymerization were obtained,combined with seedling stage of rice blast inoculation screening. The results show that rice blast resistance genes of Pi2, Pi36, Pi37,Pikh,Piz-t and Pi-ta are widely distributed in the major rice varieties of Jilin province. Instead, Pi9,Pib, Pi21 and Pi-d2 are distributed narrowly. At the same time,there are better complement among varieties holding different rice blast resistance genes and gene pyramiding can be practiced effectively. Therefore,it was a feasible and effective method for breeding new varieties resistant to rice blast by molecular marker assisted selection in Jilin Province.