施肥对定西地区马铃薯养分吸收动态、产量和品质的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究了氮磷配施低、中、高水平下施钾肥与不施钾肥对马铃薯不同器官氮、磷、钾养分吸收动态以及产量和品质的影响。结果表明不同施肥处理下各生育期马铃薯全株中元素含量均表现为K含量N含量P含量;整个生育期叶片中的N含量均高于茎和块茎,叶片中P含量除淀粉积累期外一直高于地上茎和块茎,而整个生育期各器官中K含量均表现为地上茎叶块茎。与对照(CK)相比,氮磷配施及氮磷钾配施均能促进马铃薯产量的增加,增产幅度为32.6%～12.5%,以中量氮磷水平配施钾肥(N2P2K)马铃薯的增产效果最明显,比对照增产11.7t/hm2,而且产量最高的N2P2K处理的千公斤薯块的养分吸收量最高,养分吸收比例N:P2O5:K2O为2.46:1:4.06。氮磷配施钾肥能明显提高马铃薯粗蛋白、淀粉和还原糖含量以及干物质含量。

Effect of Fertilization Ratios on the Nutrient Uptake Dynamic, Yield and Quality of Potato in Dingxi Region

In this paper,a field experiment was conducted in Dingxi to study effects of applying different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on nutrient dynamic change trends of different growth stages plant,yield and quality of potato.During the growing season,the absorption of nutrient into in leaves is higher than stems and tubers,the content of P in leaves is higher than stems and tubers,besides the starch accumulation period,the content of K in different part of potato is main stems>leave>tuber.Compared with CK,applying N,P and K can improve the tubers yield of potato,which increased by 32.6%～12.5%,the treatment of N_2P_2K had a more pronounced effect,which increased by 11.7 t/hm~2,and had the highest uptake amounts of N,P_2O_5 and K_2O ,N 3.69 kg,P_2O_5 matters,starch,deoxysugar and crude protein.