不同产地西洋参氨基酸种类及含量分析

为研究不同种植区西洋参氨基酸的含量和品质，按食品安全国家标准GB/T5009.124-2016，对加拿大多伦多市、陕西省留坝县、吉林省抚松县、山东省文登市来源的4 a生西洋参进行氨基酸种类和含量测定及对比分析。各产地西洋参均检测出17种氨基酸，其中含有人体必需的赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸和半必需氨基酸精氨酸；含有蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸等8种药用氨基酸。人体必需氨基酸及药用氨基酸含量对比分析结果表明，加拿大多伦多市来源西洋参的这两类氨基酸含量最高，分别为46.20 mg/g 和61.93 mg/g，占总氨基酸含量的 54.0%和72.3%，其次是陕西省留坝县来源的西洋参，分别为45.70 mg/g和61.63 mg/g，占总氨基酸含量的51.9%和70.0%。主成分分析及综合评价结果表明，从氨基酸含量及营养均衡性角度来看，陕西省留坝县西洋参是最接近原产地加拿大的西洋参。

Analysis of Amino Acid Type and Quantity of American Ginseng in Different Planting Areas

In order to compare the differences of American ginseng in amino acid type and quantity,four-year-old American ginseng of Toronto in Canada,Liuba in Shaanxi,Fusong in Jilin,and Wendeng in Shandong was sampled and analyzed based on the national food safety standard GB/T5009.124-2016. All samples contained 17 kinds of amino acids,among which had 7 kinds of essential amino acids lysine(Lys),methionine(Met),isoleucine(Ile),phenylalanine(Phe),leucine(Leu),threonine(Thr),proline(Pro) and 1 kinds of semi-essential amino acid arginine(Arg); 9 kinds of medicinal amino acids methionine(Met),leucine(Leu),isoleucine(Ile),phenylalanine(Phe),lysine(Lys),aspartic acid(Asp),glycine(Gly),glutamic acid(Glu) and arginine(Arg). Comparison analysis of essential amino acids and medicinal amino acids showed that the content of both types of amino acids in Toronto sample was 46.20 mg/g and 61.93 mg/g,accounting for 54.0% and 72.3% of the total amino acid,respectively,which was the highest among the samples from four locations. The contents of two types of amino acids in Liuba American ginseng sample were just next to the Toronto with 45.70 mg/g and 61.63 mg/g,and accounting for 51.9% and 70.0% of the total amino acid. Based on the results of nutritional value evaluation and principal component analysis,in view of amino acid content and nutrition balance,American Ginseng of Liuba in amino acid content and nutrition balance was the closest to the origin one in Canada.