宁夏水稻种质资源主要抗稻瘟病基因的鉴定和评价

针对宁夏地区水稻抗稻瘟病主要基因尚不清楚的现状，采用已克隆抗稻瘟病基因的功能标记对143份宁夏水稻种质资源进行抗稻瘟病基因的分子扫描。同时，利用宁夏地区致病性强且致病力频率高的10个稻瘟病菌菌株混合悬浮液进行人工接种与自然诱发相结合的方法鉴定其抗病性。进而开展稻瘟病抗性性状与抗性基因的关联分析。结果表明：在宁夏水稻种质资源中表现主要的抗病基因有Pikm、Pi9、Pi2、Pi5和Pid2。在此基础上，对主要抗病基因在宁夏水稻品种中的应用进行评价，发现Pikm、Pi9、Pi5、和Pid2基因在宁夏水稻种质资源中的分布频率比较低，分别为0.56、0.35、0.30、和0.11。所以这些基因是今后改良宁夏水稻稻瘟病抗性的主要抗病基因。

Identification and Evaluation of Main Rice Blast Resistance Genes in Rice Germplasm Resources of Ningxia

In order to detect the main genes of rice blast resistance in Ningxia,the functional markers of cloned rice blast resistance genes were used to identify the genotype of 143 Ningxia rice germplasm resources in this study, meanwhile, the mixed suspension of 10 Magnaporthe oryzae strains with strong pathogenicity and high virulence frequency in Ningxia was used to conduct artificial inoculation and natural induction for identifying the disease resistance.Furthermore, the association analysis between rice blast resistance traits and resistance genes was carried out. The results showed that the main rice blast resistance genes in rice germplasm resources of Ningxia were Pikm, Pi9, Pi2, Pi5 and Pid2. Based on the results above, the application of these main blast resistance genes in rice varieties of Ningxia was evaluated. In conclusion, the distribution frequency of Pikm, Pi9, Pi5, and Pid2 genes are relatively low, which are 0.56, 0.35, 0.30, and 0.11, respectively, and it is the main genes for increasing rice blast resistance of Ningxia.