吉林省典型土壤磷素形态及有效性

采用Tiessen-Moir磷素分级法,测定吉林省黑土、白浆土、黑钙土、暗棕壤4种农田土壤类型磷素组分形态及有效性,分析不同磷素形态之间及各磷素组分与有效磷的相关性,了解土壤磷素的生物有效性和动态变化,为提高磷素高效利用提供参考。结果表明,黑土、白浆土、黑钙土、暗棕壤无机磷占总磷的比例分别为56.73%、55.33%、55.57%、59.72%,氢氧化钠有机磷(NaOH-Po)在有机磷形态所占比例分别为29.04%、27.10%、11.43%、34.00%,吉林省4种典型土壤无机磷与有机磷所占比例大体各占50%;黑土与白浆土中,碳酸氢钠无机磷(NaHCO_3-Pi)是土壤中最直接的磷源,黑钙土与暗棕壤中树脂磷(Resin-Pi)是作物吸收的有效磷源。高磷土壤应当充分利用积累态磷素的有效性,提高作物高产、高质量输出以及吉林省农业的可持续发展。

Forms and Availability of Phosphorus in Typical Soil of Jilin Province

The Tiessen-Moir phosphorus classification method was used to determine the forms and availabilityof phosphorus in four farming soil including black soil, albic soil, chernozem, and dark brown soil. The correlation between different phosphorus forms and the correlation between phosphorus components and available phosphorus were analyzed to understand the biological availability and dynamics of phosphorus in soil, which could improve the efficiently use of phosphorus. The results showed that the proportions of inorganic phosphorus to total phosphorus was 56.73%, 55.33%, 55.57% and 59.72% in black soil, albic soil, chernozem soil and dark brown soil, respectively. Besides, the ratio of NaOH-Po(sodium hydroxide organic phosphorus) to organic phosphorus was 29.04%, 27.10%, 11.43%, and 34.00%, respectively. The proportions of inorganic phosphorus to organic phosphorus in four typical soil in Jilin province was approximately 50%; NaHCO₃-Pi(carbonic acid sodium hydrogen, inorganic phosphorus) was the most the direct source of phosphorus in black and albic soil, and Resin-Pi(resin phosphorus) was available phosphorus in chernozem and dark brown soils.High-phosphorus soil should make full use of the availability of accumulated phosphorus to improve crop yield, high-quality output, and sustainable agricultural development in Jilin province.