芥蓝种质资源的多样性和聚类分析

对21份芥蓝(Brassica oleraceavar.alboglabra Bailey)种质资源进行了形态学分析,结果表明,第一侧枝位置、叶柄颜色、花瓣颜色、花蕾颜色等农艺性状存在显著差异,不同的材料之间表现不同程度的多样性,其变异系数分别达到71.95%、57.24%、58.97%和54.76%,花蕾颜色的极差高达6;最特殊的花蕾颜色是绿紫相间,最淡的颜色是黄绿色。子叶长、子叶宽、子叶颜色、果荚长度等性状的变异系数较低。基于形态性状的聚类分析,在遗传距离7.61处,把21份芥蓝种质划分为4类,其中类群G1包括14份材料,其植株的生长势中等,株型较为一致,花瓣颜色均为白色,花薹粗细较为适中,平口时期较早,在遗传距离5.98处自然形成2个亚类,分别以Ba39和Ba35为代表;类群G2包括2份材料,即Ba27、Ba33,其植株的生长势较弱,花薹很细,平口时期相对居中,代表材料为Ba27;类群G3包括4份材料,即Ba05、Ba09、Ba38、Ba43,其植株的生长势较弱,子叶颜色、叶柄颜色、花茎颜色、花蕾颜色均为黄绿色,花瓣颜色为黄色,花薹较细,平口时期较晚,代表材料为Ba43;类群G4包括1份材料,即Ba41,其植株的生长势较强,平口时期很晚,并且叶片数很多。由此可见,21份芥蓝种质资源存在极显著的遗传差异和丰富的多样性,为芥蓝新品种选育提供了丰富的物质基础。

Diversity and Cluster Analysis of Chinese Kale Germplasm Resources

The morphological traits of 21 Chinese kale(Brassica oleracea var.alboglabra Bailey) germplasm were analyzed.The result showed that there was distinct difference on the locality of the first branch,petiole color,bud color,petal color and so on.There were different extend of diversity on the different varieties.Among the different varieties,the variation coefficient of them went up to 71.95%,57.24%,58.97% and 54.76%.Furthermore,the widest range of the bud color went up to 6.The most peculiar color of the bud color is that there are green and purple in a bud.The faintest color of the bud color is yellow green.In addition,the variation-coefficient of some morphological traits is very low such as the cotyledon length,the cotyledon width,the cotyledon color,the silique length and so on.The Cluster analysis was based on the morphological data.When the genetic distance was 7.61,21 accessions were clustered into 4 groups.The accessions of the group 1 had white petal,mezzo flower stalk and the earlier pick period,which is divided into two subgroup when the genetic distance was 5.98.And the model was Ba39 and Ba35.The accessions in the group 2 had the very slender flower stalk and the middle pick period,that model was Ba27.The accessions of the group 3 had yellow petal,the thin flower stalk and the later pick period,that model was Ba43.The main characters of the group 4 were that it had the latest pick period and many leaves.Thus it can be seen that there are distinct genetic diversity in the Chinese kale gerimplasm,which provide plenty substance basic for choosing the new Chinese kale breed.