赣南毛竹林土壤的渗透性特征

为研究赣南毛竹林土壤水源涵养功能,对崇义、兴国和于都3县毛竹林土壤持水能力、渗透性能等进行了研究。结果表明,赣南毛竹林土壤(0~20 cm)最大持水能力以毛管持水能力为主,介于998.34~1 054.83 t?hm~(-2),崇义最高,于都最低。土壤入渗能力随着土层深度的增加而降低,表层土壤入渗能力依次为崇义兴国于都;下层土壤入渗能力在不同区域间差异较小,土壤初渗率和平均渗透率依次为崇义于都兴国,稳渗率和渗透总量则为于都崇义兴国。主成分分析表明土壤水分入渗性能以崇义和兴国表层土壤最高,而兴国下层土壤最低。土壤水分入渗过程采用Kostiakov模型拟合效果最佳。土壤水分渗透能力与土壤容重显著负相关,与非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度呈显著正相关,表明土壤容重和非毛管孔隙度是影响土壤渗透性能的主要物理性质。研究得出于都毛竹林表层土壤渗透性能、持水量能力较弱,应该采取适当的措施,以提高土壤水源涵养能力。

Soil infiltration characteristics of the Phyllostachy edulis forest in Southern Jiangxi Province

In order to study soil water conservation functions of the Phyllostachy edulis forest in Southern Jiangxi Province, we selected the representative bamboo forests in Chongyi, Xingguo and Yudu County to investigate the soil (0-20 cm) infiltration and water-holding capacity. The results showed that the maximum water holding capacity of the soil at 0-20 cm deep, dominated by capillary water holding capacity, was mainly from 998.34 to 1 054.83 t?hm^-2 with the highest in Chongyi and the lowest in Yudu. The soil infiltration capacity decreased with the increasing soil depth, with the order of Chongyi > Xingguo > Yudu in the soil layer of 0-10 cm. The soil infiltration capacity varied slightly among different regions in the soil layer of 10-20 cm. The initial infiltration rate and average infiltration rate were in the order of Chongyi > Yudu > Xingguo, while the stable infiltration rate and accumulation infiltration showed the trend of Yudu > Chongyi > Xingguo in the soil layer of 10-20 cm. Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive performance of soil infiltration capacity was the highest in the soil layer of 0-10 cm in Chongyi and Xingguo, while the lowest in the soil layer of 10-20 cm in Xingguo. The Kostiakov model was the best for simulating the soil water infiltration process in the P. edulis forest in southern Jiangxi Province. The soil infiltration capacity was negatively correlated with soil bulk density, while it was positively correlated with non-capillary porosity, and the total porosity indicated that soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity were the main physical properties that affected the soil infiltration capacity. Compared with Chongyi and Xingguo, the soil infiltration and water-holding capacities were weaker in 0-10 cm soil of the P. edulis forest in Yudu. Hence, appropriate