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不同品种授粉对长山核桃坐果及果实性状的影响
引用本文:毛明振,傅松玲,姚小华,常君,邵慰忠,傅国林,邓伟平.不同品种授粉对长山核桃坐果及果实性状的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2015,42(4):504-510.
作者姓名:毛明振  傅松玲  姚小华  常君  邵慰忠  傅国林  邓伟平
作者单位:安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036;中国林科院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400;安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥,230036;中国林科院亚热带林业研究所,富阳,311400;浙江省建德市林业局,建德,311600
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划 “华东区长核桃高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2013BAD14B0104), 浙江省重大科技专项“薄壳山核桃资源评价及新品种选育”(2012C12904-13)和安徽省科技攻关项目(150103079)共同资助。
摘    要:以9个授粉品种对5个长山核桃无性系进行人工授粉,探讨不同授粉品种对长山核桃坐果率及果实性状的影响。结果表明,5个无性系的父本方差贡献率均高于5 0%,同一母本下,不同父本的杂交组合之间坐果差异都达到了极显著水平。父、母本之间表现出交互作用,除核果质量的父本间差异不显著,其余性状各差异均达到极显著水平;4 5个杂交组合内7个性状指标的变异幅度很大,变异系数最大的是无性系2 1号单果质量,达到2 6.3 3%,最小的是无性系1 3号核果径,为1.5 3%;根据各杂交组合单株间坐果及果实性状的差异情况,为5个母本筛选了适合的父本作为与其配置的授粉品种,如3 5号和建林1号可为无性系1 0 4授粉,1号、3 4号和建林1号可为无性系2 8号授粉,5号和1 2 7号可为无性系2 1号授粉,3 4号和6号可为无性系1 3号授粉,以及3 5号、5 2号和建林1号可为无性系1 1号授粉。

关 键 词:长山核桃  人工授粉  坐果率  性状差异

Effects of different pollen sources on pecan nut setting and its characteristics
MAO Mingzhen,FU Songling,YAO Xiaohu,Chang Jun,SHAO Weizhong,FU Guolin and DENG Weiping.Effects of different pollen sources on pecan nut setting and its characteristics[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,2015,42(4):504-510.
Authors:MAO Mingzhen  FU Songling  YAO Xiaohu  Chang Jun  SHAO Weizhong  FU Guolin and DENG Weiping
Institution:School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036; Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, CAF, Fuyang 311400,School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, CAF, Fuyang 311400,Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, CAF, Fuyang 311400,Jiande Forestry Bureau, Zhejiang Province, Jiande 311600,Jiande Forestry Bureau, Zhejiang Province, Jiande 311600 and Jiande Forestry Bureau, Zhejiang Province, Jiande 311600
Abstract:The effects of different pollen sources on pecan nut setting and development were studied by testing 9 pollinating varieties on 5 pecan clones. The results showed that the male variance contribution rate of all 5 clones were higher than 50%. Pollination with different varieties significantly affected the nut setting of individual females. The interaction between parents was observed. All nut characters except nut weight between male parents had a highly significant deviation. There was a large variation among the 7 nut characters across all 45 crossings. The largest coefficient variation reached to 26.33% that was observed for the nut weight of the 21th clone, while the smallest one was 1.53% with the nut diameter of the 13th clone. We selected suitable pollination cultivars for the 5 females based on the nut setting and other characters of each of 5 individual clones. For example, the 35th clone and Janlin No.1 could be the pollen source for the 104th clone; the 1st clone, the 34th, and Janlin No.1 could be male plants for the 28th clone; the 5th and 127th clones for the 21th; the 34th and 6th clones for the 13th; the 35th and 52th and Jianlin No.1 clones for the 11th as pollinating plants.
Keywords:Carya illinoinensis  artificial pollination  nut setting  character difference
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