角鲨烯对1~21日龄白羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力 和免疫功能的影响

为了研究SQ对1～21日龄白羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响，选取体重为（38.38±0.25） g的 1日龄雄性AA⁺白羽肉鸡360只，将雏鸡随机分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复20只，分别饲喂基础日粮，基础日粮+175 mg·kg^-1角鲨烯（squalene，SQ）和基础日粮+350 mg·kg^-1 SQ，试验期为21 d。结果表明：（1）饲粮中添加175和350 mg·kg^-1 SQ均能显著提高肉鸡平均日增重，并显著降低料重比（P＜0.05），同时提高肉鸡血清中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）、过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）活性及总抗氧化力（total antioxidant capacity，T-AOC）（P＜0.05），显著降低血清丙二醛（malonyldialdehyde，MDA）含量（P＜0.05），且350 mg·kg^-1SQ 添加量在改善肉鸡血清过氧化氢酶活性和总抗氧化力方面，效果显著优于175 mg·kg^-1（P＜0.05）。（2）饲粮中添加175和350 mg·kg^-1 SQ均能显著提高肉鸡血清中高密度脂蛋白、补体C3和C4水平（P＜0.05），显著降低血清中低密度脂蛋白水平（P＜0.05），且350 mg·kg^-1 SQ 添加量在降低血清低密度脂蛋白和提高补体C3和C4水平方面效果显著优于175 mg·kg^-1（P＜0.05）。（3）饲粮中添加175和350 mg·kg^-1 SQ均能显著提高肉鸡免疫器官指数（P＜0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加 SQ能有效改善1~21日龄白羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能，其中350 mg·kg^-1 SQ在改善肉鸡血清过氧化氢酶、总抗氧化力、补体C3和C4方面更具优势。

Effects of squalene on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity function of broilers at age of 1-21 days

To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation SQ (squalene) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity function of broilers at age of 1-21 days, 360 one-day-old male AA⁺ boilers with body weight (38.38±0.25) g were randomly divided into 3 groups by single-factor experiment, with 6 replicates per group and 20 boilers per replicate. Broilers in CK group were fed with the basal diet, and experimental treatment groups were fed with basal diet with 175 and 350 mg·kg^-1 SQ, respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results indicated that: (1) Dietary supplementation of 175 and 350 mg·kg^-1 SQ significantly increased the average ADG (average daily gain) and significantly reduced the F/G (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation of 175 and 350 mg·kg^-1 SQ significantly increased serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC activities in broilers (P < 0.05), significantly reduced serum MDA content (P<0.05), and compared with 175 mg·kg^-1, dietary supplementation of 350 mg·kg^-1 SQ significantly increased serum CAT and T-AOC activities in broilers. (2) Dietary supplementation of 175 and 350 mg·kg^-1 SQ significantly increased the serum HDL level, complement C3 and C4 levels in broilers(P < 0.05), and significantly reduced the serum LDL level in broilers(P < 0.05). Compared with 175