塞罕坝植物物种丰富度海拔分布格局

物种多样性一直是生态学研究的热点,而物种丰富度的海拔分布格局是物种多样性研究的一个重要内容。以塞罕坝机械林场的天然植被为研究对象,探讨塞罕坝地区植物的物种组成以及物种丰富度的海拔分布格局。结果表明:(1)在研究区调查的184块样地中,共有维管植物53科、197属、365种,分别占该地区总数的65.4%、63.1%和59.1%。其中乔木8科、12属、16种;灌木11科、23属、43种;藤本1科、1属、2种;草本41科、108属、304种。该区优势科、属明显,优势科主要有菊科、禾本科、蔷薇科、豆科、唇形科。大部分的科内,属、种缺少,区域单属科以及单种科比例高,体现出该区地理环境复杂的特点。(2)物种丰富度为草本层灌木层乔木层;随着海拔的升高,科、属、种以及乔木的变化不显著;灌木丰富度随海拔的变化出现先升高后降低的单峰格局,即中度海拔物种丰富度最高。草本层丰富度总体趋势是随海拔升高而升高。

Distributional patterns of plant species richness along an elevational gradient in Saihanba

Species diversity has always been a hot spot in ecological research, and the altitudinal distribution pattern of species richness is an important part. In this study, we discussed elevational distribution patterns of plant species composition and richness using the method of stratified random sampling in the Saihanba area. The results showed that: (1) a total of 53 families, 197 genera, and 365 species of vascular plants were identified, accounting for 65.4%, 63.1% and 59.1% of the total in the study area, respectively. Of which, trees had 8 families, 12 genera and 16 species; shrubs had 1 family, 23 genera and 43 species; vines had 1 family, 1 genus and 2 species; herbs had 41 families, 108 genera and 108 species. The dominant families included Compositae, Gramineae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae and Labiatae in the sampled plots. There were very few genera and species found in the most of the families. A high proportion of families with one genus and one species were found in the study area. The above results reflected the characteristics of the complex geographical environment in the study region; (2) the order for the species richness in the vegetation type was: herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer. The number of families, genera and species showed no significant differences among different elevational gradients. The distribution of shrubs showed a unimodal pattern with the highest species richness found in the moderate elevation. Generally, Herb species richness followed an increasing trend with altitude.