两品种茶园茶蚜和假眼小绿叶蝉天敌优势种的比较

为了科学施药,合理保护和利用天敌进行茶园害虫的综合防治,开展乌牛早和白毫早茶园主要害虫茶蚜和假眼小绿叶蝉的优势种天敌评定和比较。对两品种茶园间害虫及其天敌的数量进行t检验。结果表明,两品种茶园之间春夏季2种害虫和8种天敌差异均不显著,秋冬季草间小黑蛛(3.7160)和茶色新圆蛛(4.3144)差异极显著;乌牛早茶园春夏季与秋冬季之间八点球腹蛛(2.6298)差异显著,白毫早茶园茶色新圆蛛(4.0056)差异极显著,草间小黑蛛(2.8160)和粽管巢蛛(2.1408)差异显著,其余差异均不显著。采用灰色关联度分析方法和生态位分析方法对两品种茶园2种害虫与其天敌在数量、时间和空间等方面关系进行分析,综合评判出天敌优势种,并进行比较。结果表明,春夏季两品种茶园茶蚜前3位优势种天敌均是锥腹肖蛸、三突花蟹蛛和粽管巢蛛,但位次不同;假眼小绿叶蝉前1、2位天敌均是粽管巢蛛和锥腹肖蛸,但第3位天敌不同。秋冬季两品种茶园茶蚜前3位的天敌中均有鳞纹肖蛸和八点球腹蛛,假眼小绿叶蝉前3位天敌中均有草间小黑蛛和粽管巢蛛。春夏季和秋冬季比较,茶蚜前3位天敌乌牛早茶园中只有三突花蟹蛛相同,白毫早茶园只有锥腹肖蛸相同;假眼小绿叶蝉前3位天敌中,乌牛早茶园只有粽管巢蛛相同,而白毫早茶园有锥腹肖蛸和粽管巢蛛2种天敌相同。春夏季茶树品种对茶蚜天敌优势种影响大。茶树品种不同,茶园的生物物理和生物化学条件也不完全相同,从而影响茶树害虫及其天敌的种群动态差异,造成害虫优势种天敌的差异。

The dominant species of natural enemies of Toxoptera aurantii and Empoasca vitis in two tea gardens with different varieties

natural enemies. The top three dominant natural enemies of Toxoptera aurantii were Tetragnatha maxillosa, Misumenops tricuspidatus and Oxyopes sertatus, but they had different orders; for Empoasca vitis, the first and second dominant natural enemies were Oxyopes sertatus and Tetragnatha maxillosa and the third natural enemy was different. In autumn-winter seasons, the top three dominant natural enemies of Toxoptera aurantii in the two tea gardens were Tetragnatha squamata and Theridion octomaculatum, and the top three dominant natural enemies of Empoasca vitis were Erigonidium graminicolum and Oxyopes sertatus. Compared to the Baihaozao tea garden between spring-summer seasons and autumn-winter seasons, the same natural enemy of Toxoptera aurantii among three dominant species in the WuNiuZao tea garden was Misumenops tricuspidatus, and in the Baihaozao tea garden the same natural enemy of Toxoptera aurantii was Tetragnatha maxillosa. As for Empoasca vitis, the same natural enemy in the Wuniuzao tea garden was Oxyopes sertatus, and the same natural enemies in the Baihaozao tea garden were Tetragnatha maxillosa and Oxyopes sertatus. The tea variety had a major impact on the dominant species of natural enemies of Toxoptera aurantii in spring-summer seasons. The biophysical and biochemical conditions were not exactly the same in two different tea gardens, indicating the different effects on the population dynamics of the pests and their natural enemies in tea gardens.