星斑川鲽胚胎的玻璃化冷冻保存

为研究星斑川鲽胚胎玻璃化冷冻保存,首先,于室温条件下采用玻璃化液五步平衡法处理星斑川鲽的尾芽期胚胎30 min,比较分析分别含有葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和海藻糖的4种不同玻璃化液(PMG3G、PMG3F、PMG3S、PMG3T)的毒性,发现含有海藻糖的玻璃化液(PMG3T)对尾芽期胚胎的毒性最小,胚胎的成活率与孵化率相对较高,分别为75.00%±5.43%和50.00%±4.53%(P0.05)。其次,分析玻璃化液PMG3T对星斑川鲽囊胚期至出膜前期7个时期的胚胎的毒性,发现尾芽期胚胎和心跳期胚胎经处理后成活率较高,分别为69.33%±6.43%和72.67%±3.94%(P0.05),但心跳期胚胎的孵化率较高,为65.33%±3.91%(P0.05),尾芽期胚胎次之,说明心跳期胚胎对PMG3T的耐受能力相对于尾芽期胚胎更好,更适宜进行胚胎的玻璃化冷冻保存实验。最后,采用玻璃化液PMG3T对心跳期胚胎进行–196℃冷冻实验,发现所处理的60粒胚胎中有7粒成活,可漂浮水面,继续培养后可见进一步发育,但未孵化出膜。另外,将100 mL未受精卵(未经玻璃化液处理)置于–20℃,分别在冷冻5～70 min时取出10 mL复温并进行授精,结果显示,冷冻5 min的卵的受精率为89.83%±6.51%(P0.05),随着冷冻时间的延长,受精率越来越低,冷冻70min时受精率为3.71%±1.27%,畸形率越来越高,在冷冻70min时达到100%。本研究筛选出比较适宜的玻璃化液、低温耐受性较高的胚胎发育时期,为星斑川鲽胚胎低温冷冻保存技术的建立和种质的长期保存和应用提供了实验数据。

Cryopreservation of Starry flounder embryos by vitrification

In this study, the vitrification cryopreservation of Starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) embryos was studied. Firstly, the tail bud stage embryos was treated 30 min with vitrification solution by five-step equilibrium method at indoor temperature, The toxicity of 4 different vitrification solution (PMG3G, PMG3F, PMG3S, PMG3T) containing glucose, fructose, sucrose and trehalose were compared and analyzed. It was found that trehalose-containing vitrification solution (PMG3T) had the least toxicity to the tail bud stage embryos, and the embryo survival rate and hatching rate were relatively high, 75.00%±5.43% and 50.00%±4.53%, respectively (P<0.05). Secondly, the toxicity of PMG3T to seven stage embryos from blastula stage to pre-hatching stage was analyzed, the result reveals that the survival rate of treated tail bud stage embryos and heartbeat stage embryos were higher, 69.33%±6.43% and 72.67%±3.94% (P<0.05), however, the hatching rate of heartbeat stage embryos was relatively