油菜精量集中排种器电驱控制系统设计与试验

为适应丘陵区油菜机械化精量播种要求,针对地轮驱动致使传动系统复杂或滑移影响播种精度的问题,设计了一种油菜电驱排种控制系统。该系统集成无线蓝牙传输模块、单片机模块和Android终端平台开发,采用优化PID算法,实现集排器转速随作业速度的同步控制和自动调节播种穴距。台架试验研究了油菜电驱排种控制系统的控制精度和排种性能,当集排器转速为10～55 r·min~(-1)时,实际转速与理论转速的平均偏差均小于1.5%,且转速的变异系数均小于2.0%,稳定性较好;当穴距和作业速度分别为60～180 mm和1.6～3.2 km·h~(-1)时,穴距均匀性变异系数均低于15.0%。该系统实现了集排器电驱条件下播种穴距的同步调节,为油菜轻简化精量播种机的排种控制系统设计提供了参考。

Design and experiment of electric drive control system of precision centralized metering device for rapeseed

A control system of electric drive seeding was designed based on the centralized metering device for rapeseed to solve the problem of complex transmission system caused by ground wheel drive for mechanized precision seeding of rapeseed in hilly area. The control system applied wireless Bluetooth transmission, MCU control and Android terminal platform development technology to realize the automatic control of seeding hill distance, and optimized PID algorithm to achieve the precise control of the rotational speed for seed metering device. The control precision and seeding stability of rape electric drive seed metering control system were conducted by bench experiment. The results showed that when the rotational speed of collector was 10-55 r·min^-1, the average deviation between actual rotational speed and theoretical rotational speed and their variation coefficient was less than 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively, which met the control requirements with good control stability. When the operating speed was 1.6-3.2 km·h^-1 and hill distance was 60-180 mm, the variation coefficient of hill distance uniformity was less than 15.0%. The control system of the electric system realizes synchronous control under different operation velocity, which provides a reference for the design of seeding control system for rapeseed of light and simplified precision seeder.