利用水稻秸秆制作可完全降解的生物质板材

以水稻秸秆为原料, 不加任何胶粘剂等化学合成剂,研制成一种可自然降解的新型绿色环保材料—生物质板材，以取代现有的一部分木制品和塑料制品。将收获晒干的水稻秸秆粉碎成碎片泡入清水中，然后在室温条件下静置96 h，再利用磨解机将碎片进行纤维解离。而后利用热压成型方法制成生物质板材。最后通过拉伸试验，测定生物质板材的机械性能。试验结果表明，所制作的生物质板材的拉伸破坏强度范围是2.37~9.90 MPa。因此，利用水稻秸秆，通过上述的制作工艺过程可以制作出可完全降解的生物质板材。该板材的强度和可自然降解等特性，使其在农业、包装、保温等方面有很好的应用前景。

Production of biodegradable biomass board using rice straw

The purpose of this study is to produce biodegradable biomass board using rice straw for substituting the wood products and plastic products. Dried rice straw after harvest was cut into chips, which was soaked in water at room temperature for 96 hours. The mechanical refining of rice straw was conducted using beat refiner. The refined rice straw was formed into board by hot presser. The mechanical properties of biomass boards were measured by tensile test. The results showed that the rupture stress of biomass boards were in the range of 2.37-9.90 MPa at all experimental conditions. Therefore, the biomass board can be produced using rice straw without any adhesive. Validity of biomass board producted by the above process was confirmed. Because of biodegradable and strength, the biomass board can be considered to apply for agricultural mulch film, packaging materials, and insulation, etc.