257份小麦品种资源中矮秆基因的分子检测

矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8等的广泛利用，不仅增强了小麦的抗倒性，而且提高了产量。明确矮秆基因的分布，可以为小麦矮化育种提供分子信息。采用STS和SSR标记检测257份小麦品种资源中Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8基因的分布情况。结果表明，257份材料中, Rht8基因分布频率最高（106个品种，41.2%），Rht-D1b次之（88个品种，34.2%），Rht-B1b最低（70个品种，27.2%）。此外，部分材料中含有不同类型的矮秆基因组合，且分布频率不同，其中Rht-D1b+Rht8(25个品种,9.7%)＞Rht-B1b+Rht8(24个品种,9.3%)＞Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b(9个品种,3.5%)＞Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8(5个品种,1.9%)。上述结果为小麦抗倒伏育种以及矮化育种提供了重要的参考信息。

Detection of dwarf genes in 257 wheat variety resources using molecular markers

Extensive use of Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8 dwarf genes can not only enhance wheat lodging resistance, but also increase wheat yield. Clear distribution dwarf genes will provide molecular information in wheat dwarf breeding. In this article, we detected the distribution of Rht-B1a, Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8 gene in 257 wheat varieties using STS and SSR molecular markers. The results showed that the frequency of Rht8 gene (106 wheat varieties, 41.2%) was the highest, Rht-D1b was higher (88 wheat varieties, 34.2%) and Rht-B1b was the lowest (70 wheat varieties, 27.2%) in 257 wheat resources. The research also showed that part of wheat resources contained different kinds of dwarfing gene combination, and their distribution frequencies were also different. Twenty five materials (9.7%) were detected to contain Rht-D1b and Rht8. Twenty four materials (9.3%) were detected to have Rht-B1b and Rht8. Nine materials (3.5%) were detected to carry Rht-D1b and Rht-B1b. Five materials (1.9%) were detected to contain Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht8. The results may provide important information for wheat lodging resistance breeding and dwarfing breeding.