2种石蒜花芽分化与碳水化合物、抗氧化物酶及内源激素变化的关系

为明确石蒜属植物生长发育过程中的生理生化变化，以忽地笑(Lycoris aurea)、中国石蒜(Lycoris chinensis)的中层鳞片为供试材料，测定了碳水化合物含量、抗氧化物酶活性及内源激素含量，并利用主成分分析法评价了这2种石蒜的生长发育模型。结果表明，2种石蒜中部鳞片的可溶性糖含量、GA₃、ZR、IAA在叶枯期较高且保持上升趋势，花芽分化期降至峰谷后回升；淀粉含量、SOD、POD、CAT、PAL活性、ABA含量在叶期较低，花芽分化期增加并处于相对较高水平，花期一般下降。根据主成分分析得出：影响忽地笑生长发育较大的指标为PAL、POD、SOD和IAA；影响中国石蒜生长发育较大的指标为PAL、淀粉含量、SOD、POD和ABA。根据结果可以看出，高浓度的淀粉含量、SOD、CAT、PAL、POD及ABA，较低水平的可溶性糖含量、ZR、GA₃和IAA，有利于2种石蒜花芽分化。2种生长节律差别较大的石蒜，各生理指标的变化趋势相似，各生理指标对花的影响较大，对叶的影响相对较小。本研究为石蒜属植物的花芽分化研究奠定了基础，为石蒜属植物的杂交育种及花期调控提供理论依据。

Relationships between flower bud differentiation in two kinds of Lycoris and the changes of carbohydrate, antioxidant enzymes and endogenous hormones

In order to clarify the effects of physiological indexes on the growth process of Lycoris, the carbohydrates contents, antioxidant enzymes activities and endogenous hormones contents in Lycoris aurea and Lycoris chinensis were measured, and the growth and development models of Lycoris were evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, GA₃, ZR and IAA in the middle scales of two kinds of Lycoris were higher and kept rising during the leaf dry period, decreased to the minimum in the flower bud differentiation stage, and then increased. The contents of starch and ABA, and the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and PAL were lower in leaf stage, higher in flower bud differentiation stage and then lower in flowering stage. According to the principal component analysis, PAL, POD, SOD, IAA and so on were the main factors affecting the growth and development of Lycoris aurea. And the indexes affecting the growth and development of Lycoris chinensis were PAL, starch content, SOD, POD, ABA, etc. High contents of starch and ABA, and SOD, CAT, PAL, POD activities, and low contents of soluble sugar, ZR, GA₃ and IAA were beneficial to flower bud differentiation of Lycoris. The growth of Lycoris with different growth rhythms showed similar changes in physiological indexes. The physiological indexes had greater influence on flowers and less influence on leaves. This study would lay a foundation for further studying on the flower bud differentiation of Lycoris and provide a theoretical basis for hybridization breeding and florescence regulation of Lycoris.