代谢组学解析大厂茶P113叶色变化规律

为探究大厂茶P113叶色随季节变换的规律,为特异茶树种质资源鉴定与开发奠定研究基础,以茶树新品种大厂茶紫化植株P113为材料,采用三重四级杆质谱多反应监测模式(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)对其春季、夏季和秋季的一芽二叶新梢进行黄酮类代谢物鉴定。结果显示,共检测到165个黄酮类物质的离子峰,包括正离子峰71个,负离子峰94个,包含花青素(6.06%)、双黄酮(2.42%)、查尔酮(0.6%)、二氢黄酮(4.24%)、二氢黄酮醇(3.03%)、黄烷醇类(9.70%)、黄酮(26.67%)、黄酮碳糖苷(4.24%)、黄酮醇(26.67%)、异黄酮(2.42%)、原花青素(7.88%)和单宁(6.06%)共12种黄酮类物质。主成分分析(PCA)显示,春季、夏季和秋季之间的代谢物含量变异较大,季节内的代谢物含量变异较小,说明黄酮类物质在季节变换过程中发生了显著的动态变化。韦恩分析显示:春季与夏季有158个代谢物共有,夏季与秋季有160个代谢物共有,春季与秋季有157个代谢物共有;春季有2个特有代谢物,为异橙黄酮和3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-七甲氧基黄酮,夏季和秋季均没有特有代谢物,总体上大部分黄酮类代谢物在每一个时期都有表达。相关性分析显示,花青素含量与二氢黄酮醇、黄酮、黄酮碳糖苷、黄酮醇、原花青素类含量呈正相关,与双黄酮、查尔酮、二氢黄酮、黄烷醇类、单宁类含量呈负相关。因此,推测大厂茶P113的叶色紫化与黄酮类物质含量,尤其是花青素含量变化有着密切的关系。

Change regularity of leaf color of tea plant P113 (Camellia tachangensis F. C. Zhang) by metabolomics

To explore the change regularity of leaf color of tea plant P113 with the seasons, and lay a research foundation for the identification and development of special tea germplasm resources, tea plant P113(Camellia tachangensis F. C. Zhang) was used as material, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to identify the flavonoids metabolites of one bud with two leaves of P113 in spring, summer and autumn. The results showed that 165 ion peaks of flavonoids were detected, including 71 positive ion peaks and 94 negative ion peaks, including anthocyanins (6.06%), biflavones (2.42%), chalcone (0.6%), dihydroflavones (4.24%), dihydroflavonols (3.03%), flavanols (9.70%), flavonoids (26.67%), flavonoid carbonosides (4.24%), flavonols (26.67%) and isoflavones (2.42%), proanthocyanidins (7.88%) and tannins (6.06%). There were 12 kinds of flavonoids in total. Principal component analysis showed that the variation of metabolite contents between spring, summer and autumn were large, and the variation of metabolite content within the season were small, indicating that flavonoids had undergone significant dynamic changes in the process of seasonal change. Venn analysis showed that there were 158 common metabolites in spring and summer, 160 common metabolites in summer and autumn, 157 common metabolites in spring and autumn, and 2 specific metabolites (isoorange flavone and 3,5,6,7,8,3', 4'-heptamethoxyflavone) existed in spring, and there were no specific metabolites in summer and autumn. In general, most flavonoids metabolites were expressed in each period. Correlation analysis showed that anthocyanins were positively correlated with dihydroflavonols, flavonoids, flavone carboglycosides, flavonols and procyanidins, and negatively correlated with biflavones, chalcone, dihydroflavonoids, flavanols and tannins. Therefore, this study suggested that the leaf color purple change of C.tachangensis P113 was closely related to the content of flavonoids, especially anthocyanins.