不同生长时期红螯螯虾表型性状差异分析

为研究红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens)不同生长时期的表型特征,统计了3月龄、4.5月龄和6月龄3个生长时期红螯螯虾的体重Y₁、肝胰腺质量Y₂、全长X₁、头胸甲长X₂、头胸甲宽X₃、腹节总长X₄、第一腹节长X₅、第一腹节宽X₆和掌节长X₇共9个性状,对比3个生长时期各表型性状间的差异和相关性,分析不同生长时期各表型性状在雌性与雄性群体间的差异,采用多元回归分析分别研究了不同生长时期表型性状与体重的关系,并构建回归方程。结果显示,头胸甲和腹节的长度比例在幼虾和成虾中保持一致,而宽度指标(头胸甲宽、第一腹节宽)在6月龄阶段显著(P<0.05)增长。随着红螯螯虾的生长,大部分性状间的相关性降低,雌雄群体间表型性状的差异逐渐增加。3月龄阶段的回归方程为Y₁=-31.33+0.73X₂+0.91X₃;4.5月龄阶段的回归方程分别为Y₁=-65.25+1.29X₃+0.89X₄+1.46X₆(雌性)、Y₁=-69.67+1.17X₃+0.40X₇+1.77X₆+0.59X₄(雄性);6月龄阶段的回归方程分别为Y₁=-79.77+1.01X₁-1.89X₆+1.15X₇(雌性)、Y₁=-98.02+0.72X₁+1.22X₇(雄性)。从3个生长时期的回归方程可以看出,各表型性状在不同时期与体重的相关性差异较大。研究结果可为红螯螯虾的选育工作提供理论依据。

Analysis on phenotypic traits of red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens) in different growth stages

In order to study the phenotypic characteristics of red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens) in different growth stages, nine phenotypic traits including body weight (Y₁), hepatopancreas weight (Y₂), full-length (X₁), cephalothorax length (X₂), cephalothorax width (X₃), total abdominal segment length (X₄), first abdominal segment length (X₅), first abdominal segment width (X₆), propodite length (X₇) in three growth stages of 3 months, 4.5 months and 6 months were measured and analyzed. The differences of the phenotypic traits in the three stages were compared, and the correlations of the phenotypic traits in different growth stages were analyzed. Multiple regression equations of phenotypic traits to body weight of male and female red claw crayfish populations in different growth stages were constructed to measure the relevance of phenotypic traits and body weight. The results showed that the proportion of cephalothorax or abdominal segments to full-length remained the same in juvenile and adult stage, while the width index increased significantly (P<0.05) at 6 months of age. With the growth of red claw crayfish, the correlations among the majority of the traits decreased, and the differences in phenotypic characteristics between male and female populations gradually increased. The regression equation in 3 months of age was Y₁=-31.33+0.73X₂+0.91X₃. The regression equation in 4.5 months of age was Y₁=-65.25+1.29X₃+0.89X₄+1.46X₆ for female and Y₁=-69.67+1.17X₃+0.40X₇+1.77X₆+0.59X₄ for male, respectively. The regression equation in 6 months of age was Y₁=-79.77+1.01X₁-1.89X₆+1.15X₇ for female and Y₁=-98.02+0.72X₁+1.22X₇ for male, respectively. These results could provide theoretical basis for the selective breeding of red claw crayfish.