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浙江省水稻田杂草发生种类及危害
引用本文:王强,何锦豪,李妙寿,戴余有,施德,叶贵标.浙江省水稻田杂草发生种类及危害[J].浙江农业学报,2000,12(6):317-324.
作者姓名:王强  何锦豪  李妙寿  戴余有  施德  叶贵标
作者单位:1. 浙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
2. 金华市农业科学研究所,浙江 金华 321017
3. 温州市农业科学研究院,浙江 温州 325006
4. 绍兴市农业科学研究所,浙江 绍兴 312003
5. 浙江省植物保护总站,浙江 杭州 310029
6. 农业部农药检定所,北京 100026
基金项目:浙江省"七五"、"八五"、"九五"重大科技项目(863008,914255,961102242)。
摘    要:1986~2000年由科研、推广及管理8家单位组成的浙江省农田杂草研究协作组在浙江省嘉兴、杭州、金华和温州4个农区,对水稻杂草发生种类和危害程度开展全面系统调查,涉及早稻、晚稻、单季稻、秧田等各种耕作稻制和直播、抛秧、旱育秧等不能轻型栽培方式。调查结果,浙江省水稻田共有杂草41科77属131种和2变种,其中主要杂草21科35属41种和1变种,如稗草、千金子、双穗雀稗、异型莎草、空心莲子草、鸭舌草、矮慈菇、节节菜、牛毛毡、丁香蓼等。杂草危害以单季稻田最重,晚稻田次之,早稻田最轻;早稻田杂草群落简单,以稗草占绝对优势,而晚稻田群落较为复杂,由稗草和阔叶草及莎草共同构成群落。一些杂草在局部地区造成严重危害。同时,直播田和抛秧田杂草危害地常规移栽田,旱育秧田杂草种类多于常规水育秧田。长期使用除草剂,使常规栽培稻田一年生

关 键 词:杂草名录  群落结构  危害率  浙江省  水稻田
文章编号:1004-1524(2000)06-0317-08
修稿时间:2000年8月8日

Weed species and their damage in rice fields in Zhejiang
WANG Qiang,HE Jin-hao,LI Miao-shou,DAI Yu-you,Shi De,YE Gui-biao.Weed species and their damage in rice fields in Zhejiang[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2000,12(6):317-324.
Authors:WANG Qiang  HE Jin-hao  LI Miao-shou  DAI Yu-you  Shi De  YE Gui-biao
Abstract:Surveys were made for weed species and their damages in rice fields in Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Jinhua, and Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province in 1986- 2000 by a collaborative team of scientists. It involved early rice, late rice, one season rice, rice nursery or direct seeding rice, transplanted rice by seedling-broadcasting, arid rice nursery. The result showed that there are 131 species and 2 varieties belonging to 77 genus and 41 families of weeds appearing in rice fields in Zhejiang, among which 41 species and 1 variety belonging to 35 genus and 21 families are dominant. They are Echinochloa crusgalli, Leptochloa chinensis, Paspalum distichum, Cyperus difformis, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Monochoria vaginalis, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Rotala indica, Eleocharis yokoscensis, Ludwigia prostrata, et al. Weeds have the heaviest damage to one season rice, heavier to late rice, and the least to early rice. In simple weed community in early rice fields, E. crusgalliis only one main weed, whereas weed community in late rice fields is complex and consists of E. crusgalli, broad leaf weeds and sedge weeds. The damage of weeds is heavier in fields of direct seeding rice and transplanted rice by seedling-broadcastng than in conventional cultivation fields, and there are more weed species in arid rice nursery than in paddy rice nursery. Since long application of herbicides, annual weeds have decreased, perennial weeds increased, while E. crusgalli keeps its main place in rice fields. A list of weed species in rice fields was appended at the end.
Keywords:rice  weed species  community structure  damage rate  damage index  Zhejiang Province
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