中国大规模生猪养殖技术效率研究

利用面板数据,采用非参数前沿法中的数据包络分析法(data envelopment analysis,DEA)对我国2008—2015年各地区大规模生猪养殖综合技术效率进行测度及分解,分析各分解效率对大规模生猪养殖综合技术效率的影响。结果表明,我国西部地区大规模生猪养殖技术效率高,东部地区与中部地区存在较大改进空间;纯技术效率对综合效率的影响及制约能力略强于规模效率。利用参数前沿法中的随机前沿方法(stochastic frontier approach,SFA)测度所得大规模生猪养殖综合技术效率与DEA方法测度技术效率进行对比,得出2种方法的共同点。基于研究结论对我国大规模生猪养殖提出改进建议:西部地区应当发挥规模养殖优势,引入清洁养殖技术;东部地区应当推动生猪养殖向自动化、信息化方向发展;中部地区应当发挥位置优势,建立中东部技术交流平台及中西部快速物流通道。

Study on technical efficiency of large-scale pig breeding in China

In the present study, the panel data and data development analysis (DEA) and non-parametric frontier model were applied to measure large-scale pig farming comprehensive technical efficiency in all regions of China within 2008-2015. The comprehensive technical efficiency was decomposed and decomposition efficiency was analyzed. The results showed that comprehensive technology efficiency in western China was the highest, and comprehensive technology efficiency in eastern and central China should be improved. The influence of pure technical efficiency was higher than that of scale efficiency. Comprehensive technical efficiency of large-scale pig farming revealed by using stochastic frontier approach (SFA) model was compared with technical efficiency revealed by DEA, and the common points of the two methods were obtained. Based on the study conclusions, according suggestions for improvement of large-scale pig breeding in China were put forward. The advantages of large-scale breeding should be full played and clean breeding technology should be introduced in western China, the development of pig breeding should be promoted in the direction of automation and information in eastern China, the position advantage should be played in the central China, and technology exchange platform should be established in the central and eastern regions, and the fast logistics channel should be built in the central and western regions.