不同贮藏条件下大黄鱼生物胺变化

为研究大黄鱼在不同温度(0、4、25 ℃)和不同盐分(0、0.5%、2.0%、5.0% NaCl)贮藏条件下生物胺(BAs)的变化情况,采用离子色谱-抑制电导及紫外串联检测分析了大黄鱼中腐胺(Put)、尸胺(Cad)、组胺(His)、酪胺(Tyr)、苯乙胺(Phe)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spe)7种生物胺含量和挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)值的变化。结果显示:在整个贮藏过程中大黄鱼肌肉均未检出组胺和精胺;0、4 ℃贮藏16 d,大黄鱼中生物胺随贮藏时间的延长缓慢增加,生物胺总量变化范围分别为1.41~17.53、1.53~187.63 mg·kg^-1。25 ℃贮藏6 d,生物胺随着贮藏时间的延长急剧增加,尤其是Cad、Put和Tyr 3种特征生物胺,生物胺总量变化范围为9.44~2 539.22 mg·kg^-1。采用不同含量盐分处理,25 ℃贮藏6 d,大黄鱼中生物胺含量随盐分含量升高明显降低,当NaCl含量达5%时,生物胺总量变化范围仅为1.32~120.93 mg·kg^-1,生物胺生成得到有效抑制。另外,不同贮藏条件下,大黄鱼中TVB-N值变化趋势与生物胺变化趋势相同。实验结果表明,低温及适当添加盐分贮藏是控制大黄鱼产生生物胺的有效措施。

Changes of biogenic amines in large yellow croaker stored at different conditions

In order to investigate the changes of biogenic amines (BAs) in large yellow croaker preserved at different temperature and salinity, seven BAs (putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, spermidine, phenylethylamine, spermine and tyramine) were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC) coupled with suppressed conductivity and ultraviolet detection. The results indicated that no histamine and spermine were detected in the large yellow croaker muscle during the whole storage. During the storage of 16 d at 0 and 4 ℃, BAs in large yellow croaker increased slowly, and the variation range of total BAs content were 1.41-17.53 mg·kg^-1 and 1.53-187.63 mg·kg^-1, respectively. During the storage of 6 days at 25 ℃, BAs in large yellow croaker increased sharply, especially putrescine, cadaverine and tyramine. The variation range of total BAs content was 9.44-2 539.22 mg·kg^-1. With different contents of salt processing under 25 ℃ for 6 days, the content of BAs in large yellow croaker decreased obviously with the increase of the salt content. When the salt content was 5%, the variation range of total BAs content was only 1.32-120.93 mg·kg^-1, which indicated effective control of BAs formation. Besides, total volatile basic nitrogen and BAs in large yellow croaker preserved at different temperature and salinity were investigated, which had a similar trend with BAs. The results above indicated that low temperature preservation and addition of appropriate salt were effective methods to control BAs in large yellow croaker.