南方丘陵区耕地土壤养分空间特征及其影响因素

以江西省峡江县为研究对象,采集样点,获取土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮等土壤养分数据,借助地统计软件对土壤养分的各类因子进行空间变异性分析与空间自相关分析,探究其主要影响因子。结果表明:峡江县耕地土壤养分分布符合正态分布,碱解氮含量总体丰富,有机质与速效钾含量属于中等水平,有效磷含量偏低。有机质、有效磷均属于中等变异性,速效钾属于强烈空间变异性,碱解氮空间变异性较弱。研究区西部耕地土壤养分含量总体低于东部。研究区高程较高区域有较高的土壤养分含量,坡度、坡度变率、土壤侵蚀程度较大区域土壤养分含量较低。成土母质中砂质岩类风化物分布区土壤养分较高,酸性结晶岩类风化物分布区土壤养分含量较低。

Spatial characteristics and influencing factors of soil nutrients in hilly region of South China

The spatial characteristics of soil nutrients and their correlation with influencing factors were studied in hilly areas of southern China, to provide references for the efficient utilization of land resources and soil nutrient conservation. In the present study, Xiajiang County, Jiangxi Province was selected as the research object, soil samples were collected, and soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and alkali hydrolysable nitrogen contents were measured, and factors on soil nutrients were examined via spatial variability analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis to explore the main influencing factors. It was shown that the distribution of soil nutrients in Xiajiang County was in accordance with the normal distribution, and the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen was abundant. The contents of organic matter and available potassium were in the middle level, yet the available phosphorus content was low. The organic matter, available phosphorus showed moderate variation, yet available potassium showed strong spatial variability, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen showed weak spatial variability. Generally speaking, soil nutrients in the cultivated land in the west of the study area were generally lower than that in the east, and were higher in the area with higher elevation, or lower gradient, slope variability and topographic relief. Besides, soil nutrients were higher in the area with sandy rock weathering materials soil parent material, and were lower in the area with acid crystalline rock weathering substance as soil parent material.