水稻种子休眠调控技术研究进展

种子休眠是植物适应外界环境条件以确保物种生存、繁衍和进化的自我保护方式,其休眠强弱会直接影响农业生产。本文从遗传学基础、呼吸代谢途径、激素、生态环境因子等方面综述了水稻种子的休眠调控机理,介绍了水稻种子休眠特性的检测方法、休眠特性分级,以及品种遗传特性、植物内源激素、淀粉酶活性等水稻种子休眠特性的影响因素,重点总结和分析了调控水稻种子休眠的物理、化学技术,详细介绍了种植管理、去除稃壳、施用抗穗发芽或破休眠药剂等水稻种子休眠调控技术在农业生产上的应用;同时探讨了水稻种子休眠调控的研究方向,以期为进一步开展水稻种子休眠调控技术研究提供参考。

Research progress of regulation techniques of rice seed dormancy

Seed dormancy is a self-protection way for plants to adapt to external environments to ensure its survival, reproduction and evolution, which is also directly affect agricultural production. In this paper, the regulation mechanism of rice seed dormancy, including the basics of genetics, respiratory and metabolic pathways, hormones and ecological factors were reviewed. The detection methods of seed dormancy characteristics and its influencing factors such as genetic characteristics, plant endogenous hormone and amylase activity were expounded. Meanwhile, this paper summarized and analyzed the researches on physical and chemical regulation techniques of rice seed dormancy, and the application of some technologies in agricultural production, such as planting management, plume removal, spraying preharvest sprouting inhibitor or dormancy breaking agent. Furthermore, the research direction was discussed in order to provide reference for further research on seed dormancy regulation technology.