基于GIS的油菜播种控制系统设计与试验

针对江苏稻油轮作模式下由于水稻土壤湿黏导致地轮打滑而造成的漏播等问题,设计一套电控排种系统,对现有机械式油菜复式播种机进行自动化改造。播种作业时,该系统可根据计算机加载的播种作业信息、地图数据和实时获取的GPS位置信息确定当前播种参数,并发送到主控制器,经处理后,运用比例积分微分控制算法结合目标穴距和播种机前进速度,使用直流电机控制排种轴的旋转速度,实现油菜精准播种。试验结果表明,该系统控制电机转速的变异系数最大值为4.85%,台架试验中穴距变异系数的最大值为15.28%,较传统播种精度明显提高,且系统工作响应及时。

Design and experiment of precise seeding control system for rapeseed seeding machine based on GIS

Under the rice-oil rotation model in Jiangsu Province, an electric control seeding system was designed to solve the leakage problem during seeding caused by the ground wheel slippage due to the wetness of rice soil, and the automation transformation of the current mechanical double seeder for rapeseed was conducted. In the proposed system, the seeding parameters were determined and sent to the main processing controller according to the computer-loaded sowing operation information, map data and real-time acquired GPS position during the seeding operation, and the PID control algorithm was introduced. The closed-loop control algorithm combined the target hole distance and the forward speed, and used a DC motor to control the rotation speed of the seeding shaft to achieve accurate seeding of rapeseed. The test results showed that the highest variation coefficient of motor rotation speed was 4.85%, and the highest variation coefficient of the target hole distance in the bench test was 15.28%, which was higher than that of the traditional method, and the work response time was short.