茶园节能型开沟刀设计与试验

针对茶园机械化开沟减阻减耗需要,设计茶园节能型开沟刀,用于减小茶园开沟时的开沟功耗。通过理论分析确定节能型开沟刀侧切刃与正切刃曲线方程,通过离散元仿真方法确定侧切刃螺旋线终点处滑切角与正切刃在侧切刃平面内展开曲线终点处静态滑切角分别为62°、56°。对设计完成的节能型开沟刀进行田间试验,试验结果表明:在开沟深度为15、20、25 cm时,节能型开沟刀的开沟功耗分别为0.093、0.107、0.128 kW,均小于对照组通用开沟刀的开沟功耗,说明设计的节能型开沟刀在各个开沟深度均能够达到降低开沟功耗的目的。此外节能型开沟刀在不同开沟深度的沟深稳定性系数均大于90%,高于国家标准和对照组通用开沟刀试验结果,说明设计的节能型开沟刀在降低作业功耗的同时,可保证开沟质量。

Design and experiment of tea garden energy-saving ditching blade

Aiming at the needs of mechanized ditching in the tea garden to reduce resistance and consumption, an energy-saving ditching blade was designed to reduce the consumption of tea garden ditching. Through theoretical design and analysis, the curve equation of energy-saving ditching blade side edge and sidelong edge were determined. Through discrete element method simulation, the sliding-cutting angle at the end of the helix of the side cutting edge and the static sliding-cutting angle from the beginning to the end of the expansion curve in the plane of the side cutting edge were determined to be 62° and 56° respectively. Field experiment was performed on the designed energy-saving ditching blade. The experiment results showed that the energy consumption of the energy-saving ditching blade were 0.093, 0.107 and 0.128 kW respectively when the ditching depth was 15, 20 and 25 cm. The power consumption of energy-saving ditching blade was less than that of general ditching blade, which indicated that the designed energy-saving ditching blade in various ditching depths were able to achieve the purpose of reducing the power consumption. In addition, the stability coefficient of ditching depth of the energy-saving ditching blade at different ditching depths was greater than 90%, which was higher than the national standard. It showed that the designed energy-saving ditching blade could reduce the energy consumption of the operation and ensure the quality of ditching.