宁春4号与河东乌麦杂交F2代抗病性及分子标记鉴定

为给宁夏小麦抗病育种提供优异资源,以宁春4号、河东乌麦及其杂交F₂代331个单株为材料,进行了群体抗病性与分子标记鉴定。结果表明:宁春4号中感白粉病、条锈病和叶锈病,河东乌麦中抗至高抗白粉病、中抗条锈病和叶锈病。在F₂代分别鉴定出68、54、52个单株抗白粉病、条锈病、叶锈病,比例依次为20.54%、16.32%、15.71%,其中,50个单株同时抗白粉病和条锈病,44个抗白粉病和叶锈病,32个抗条锈病和叶锈病,29个抗白粉病、条锈病和叶锈病。在F₂代群体中检测到239个单株携带Pm16基因,22.59%携带该基因的单株表现田间抗白粉病;202个携带Yr2基因,16.83%携带该基因的单株抗条锈病;246个携带Lr24,17.07%携带该基因的单株抗条锈病;148个单株同时携带基因Pm16和Yr2,185个单株同时携带基因Pm16和Lr24,155个单株同时携带基因Yr2和Lr24,119个单株同时携带基因Pm16、Yr2和Lr24。新开发的6个SSR标记共检测到10个抗病性数量性状基因座(QTL),涉及2A、5A、3B、5D等4条染色体,加性效应为-0.15~0.08,对表型贡献率为2%~4%,连锁系数(LOD值)最大为10.40,其中,5A、3B和5D染色体存在抗病的QTL富集区。

Identification on disease resistance and molecular markers of F2 hybrids from Ningchun No.4 and Hedong black wheat

To provide good resources for Ningxia wheat breeding in disease resistance, Ningchun No.4, Hedong black wheat and 331 individual plants of F₂ generation of Ningchun No.4 × Hedong black wheat were used as materials, disease resistance and molecular markers of the populations were identificated. The results showed that Ningchun No. 4 was moderate susceptible to powdery mildew, stripe rust, leaf rust, and Hedong black wheat was moderate to highly resistant to powdery mildew, moderate resistant to stripe rust and leaf rust. There were 68, 54, 52 individual plants resistant to powdery mildew, stripe rust, leaf rust in hybrids, respectively, and the rate was 20.54%, 16.32% and 15.71% in turn. In them, 50 individual plants were resistant to powdery mildew and stripe rust, 44 plants were resistant to powdery mildew and leaf rust, 32 plants were resistant to stripe rust and leaf rust, and 29 plants were resistant to powdery mildew, leaf rust and leaf rust simultaneously. There were 239 individual plants carried gene Pm16, 22.59% plants carried this gene were resistant to powdery mildew in field, 16.83% of 202 plants carried gene Yr2 were resistant to stripe rust, 17.07% of 246 plants carried gene Lr24 were resistant to leaf rust, 148 plants carried genes Pm16 and Yr2 simultaneously, 185 plants carried genes Pm16 and Lr24, 155 plants carried genes Yr2 and Lr24, 119 plants carried genes Pm16, Yr2 and Lr24 simultaneously. Ten disease resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected by six SSR markers, which involved in chromosomes 2A, 5A, 3B and 5D, their additive effects were from -0.15 to 0.08, the contribution rates to phenotype were from 2% to 4%, maximum logarithm of odds (LOD) score was 10.40, and QTL enrichment regions of disease resistance existed in 5A, 3B and 5D chromosome.