水稻黑条矮缩病发生流行规律、监测预警与防控关键技术

黑条矮缩病为灰飞虱传播的一种毁灭性的水稻病毒病。经2000—2005年协作攻关研究,初步探明了该病害发生流行规律、再猖獗原因与危害损失,提出了合理的防治指标、预测方法与测报调查规范;开发了“3S”监测预警技术,组建带毒率估测模型,应用于中长期预测预报;提出了以推广抗病良种、改进育秧方式、扒蘖补丛等保健栽培为基础,治秧田保大田、治虫防病的药剂防治为重点的防治新策略;初步形成适合于长江下游稻区特点的水稻黑条矮缩病综合防治的技术体系,生产上大面积推广应用,有效地控制了水稻黑条矮缩病发生危害,取得了显著的社会经济效益。

Epidemics,monitoring and key control techniques of the Rice black-streaked dwarf viral disease

The Rice black-streaked dwarf viral disease(RBSDV),transmitted by the small planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen,is one of the most destructive diseases in rice.In order to control this disease,a provincial collaborative research was conducted across the Zhejiang province,China,during 2000 to 2005.The epidemiology,causes of resurgence and damage-yield loss relationship were understood and were applied to design the field sampling and forecast methods,and to determine the economic thresholds of the disease through control of the insect vector.A provincial disease alert system including the GPS,GIS and RS approaches,and an estimation model for virus-infestation in rice were established and were used for long-term forecast of the disease.A new management strategy was proposed which integrated the extension of RBSDV disease-and vector-resistant varieties,improvement of seedling nursery,healthy cultivation of diseased hill gap-filling by removing tillers from nearby healthy hills,and control of insect vectors in the seedlings stage to protect rice plants from the viral disease in field stages.An integrated RBSDV disease management technical system was therefore shaped for the Yangtze Delta region,and applied in large scale,effectively reduced the disease occurrence and damage,achieved significant economic and social effects.