几个籼型两系杂交稻亲本的配合力及遗传力分析

以5个新育成的籼型水稻光温敏核不育系和培矮64S为母本,6个新育成的恢复系为父本,采用NCII设计配制36个组合,对生育期、株高及产量相关性状进行配合力和遗传力分析。结果表明:所有性状的遗传均受到亲本基因加性和非加性效应的影响,且加性效应的作用均大于非加性效应。株高、单株有效穗和每穗总粒等性状的狭义遗传力较高,可在早世代进行选择。双亲一般配合力总效应和组合特殊配合力效应均与组合单株重之间存在极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.85和0.52,但一般配合力总效应与组合特殊配合力效应之间相互独立,没有明显的对应关系。不育系中,福龙S3和福龙S8是2个较为理想的不育系。福龙S2单株重的一般配合力效应表现一般,但特殊配合力效应方差最大,通过广泛测配和筛选,仍可获得强优势组合,同时,福龙S2也是一个提高千粒重的优良亲本。福龙S9在播始历期、穗长和每穗实粒上的一般配合力效应表现最好。福龙S12是一个很好的矮化株高的供体亲本;龙恢1031和龙恢3381在所有恢复系中的综合表现最好,是2个理想的恢复系。龙恢611在选育早熟、抗倒伏、大穗型品种时是一个不错的亲本。龙恢36在穗长和每穗总粒两个性状上的一般配合力效应表现突出。龙恢339可作为大粒型育种亲本。

Combining Abilities and Trait Inheritabilities of Indica Hybrid Rice Bred from Five PTGMS and Six Restorer Lines

Five newly developed PTGMS Lines,i.e.,Fulong S2,Fulong S3,Fulong S8,Fulong S9,Fulong S12 and Pei’ai 64S (CK),as female parents and 6 newly developed restorer lines,including Longhui 61 1,Longhui 1031,Longhui 3381,Longhui 36,Longhui 128 and Longhui 339,as male parents were used to generate 36 combinations of new rice varieties based on a NCII mating design.The combining abilities and trait inheritabilities on the growth,plant height and yield related characteristics of the resulting hybrids were examined.Both additive and non-additive allelic parental gene effects were evident,with the additive effects being greater than the non-additive effects.The high narrow inheritabilities on the traits,such as plant height,number of panicles per plant and number of grains per panicle,suggested that they could be selected at early generations for the breeding.There was a very significant correlation between the total general combining ability (GCA)(correlation coefficient=0.85)or specific combining ability (SCA)effect (correlation coefficient=0.52)of the parents and the grain weight per panicle of the combinations.However,there was no correlation between the total GCA and SCA effects from the parents.Fulong S3 and Fulong S8 were the best among all PTGMS lines.The GCA effect of Fulong S2 was moderate on yield,with the highest SCA variance.It appeared that an ideal combinations could be obtained through extended mating test and screening using Fulong S2 to improve the 1000-grain weight on the other varieties.The GCA of Fulong S9 were the best in regard to the time required from sowing to heading,panicle length,and number of filled grain per panicle.Fulong S12 could be used to lower the plant height.Longhui 1031 and Longhui 3381 were the best among all restorer lines with overall excellent performance.The GCA of Longhui 611 was desirable in so far as the time required from sowing to heading,plant height, and number of grains per panicle are concerned.The GCA of Longhui 36 showed good panicle length and number of grains per panicle.Longhui 339 had a high 1 000-grain weight.