重金属离子与消毒药物对澳洲龙纹斑幼鱼的急性毒性

为了获知重金属离子与消毒药物对澳洲龙纹斑幼鱼的急性毒性浓度,选用硫酸铜、硫酸锌、氯化镉、硝酸铅4种重金属化合物与二氧化氯、聚维酮碘、高锰酸钾、甲醛、食盐5种消毒药物,通过调配不同浓度,对澳洲龙纹斑幼鱼进行急性毒性试验,采用静水法测定9种消毒药物及重金属离子对澳洲龙纹斑幼鱼每隔24h的LC50(半数致死浓度)、LC100(绝对致死浓度)和SC(安全浓度)。结果表明,硫酸铜、硫酸锌、氯化镉、硝酸铅、二氧化氯、聚维酮碘、高锰酸钾、甲醛、食盐对澳洲龙纹斑幼鱼的安全质量浓度(SC)分别为0.122 3、0.571 3、0.020 0、0.461 2、5.030 0、0.532 4、0.958 9、6.960 0、1.584 0mg·L~(-1)。综合分析认为,4种重金属化合物与5种消毒药物对澳洲龙纹斑的急性毒性的大小顺序为:氯化镉硫酸铜硫酸锌聚维酮碘高锰酸钾硝酸铅食盐二氧化氯甲醛。

Acute Toxicities of Disinfectants and Metal Ions on Juvenile Murray Cod,Maccullochella peelii peelii

Acute toxicities of disinfectants and metal ions in varied concentrations on juvenile Murray cod,Maccullochella peelii peelii,was studied.The juvenile fish were tested for acute toxicity by the chemicals to provide crucial information for the aquaculture and diseases control.Solutions with a concentration gradient of copper sulfate,zinc sulfate,cadmium chloride,lead nitrate,chlorine dioxide,povidone-iodine,potassium permanganate,formaldehyde,and salt were prepared for the experiment.Using a hydrostatic method,the 24 h half lethal (LC50),absolute lethal (LC100) and safe (SC) concentrations of the disinfectants or metal ions on Murray cods were determined.The results showed SC for the fish on copper sulfate,zinc sulfate,chloride cadmium,lead nitrate,chlorine dioxide,povidone-iodine,potassium permanganate,formaldehyde,sodium chloride to be 0.122 3 mg ·L-1,0.5713mg·L-1,0.0200mg·L-1,0.4612mg·L-1,5.0300mg·L-1,0.5324mg· L-1,0.9589mg · L-1,6.960 0 mg· L-1,and1.584 0 mg· L-1.respectively.The severities of toxicity of the4 metal ions and5 disinfectants on the juvenile Murray cods ranked as:chloride cadmium＞ copper sulfate＞ zinc sulfate＞ povidone iodine＞potassium permanganate＞chloride cadmium＞sodium chloride＞chlorine dioxide＞formaldehyde.