翻压紫云英绿肥下氮钾肥运筹方式对单季稻生长的影响

连续3年研究了福建单季稻区翻压紫云英绿肥下,水稻生长对减量氮钾肥施肥时期比例变化的响应。结果表明,紫云英鲜草每年翻压18 000kg.hm-2,单季稻氮钾肥施用时期与比例以基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=0∶5∶5的籽粒产量最高,分别较基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=3∶4∶3、基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=5∶5∶0、基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=0∶7∶3、基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥=0∶10∶0的增产3.6%、4.9%、3.0%、6.1%,均达到显著增产水平,其增产的主要经济性状表现为每穗实粒数的增加,显示紫云英翻压为水稻幼苗期生长提供了足够的营养。福建单季稻区翻压紫云英及水稻减量化施肥条件下,氮钾肥施用时期后移,增加孕穗期施肥比重可显著提高籽粒产量。

Responses of Single Cropping Rice's Growth to Different Period and Ratio of Reducing Nitrogen and Potash Application after Turning Astragalus sinicus Green Manure into Filed

A three-year experiment was conducted to study the responses of single cropping rice′s growth to different period and ratio of reducing nitrogen(N) and potash(K) application after turning Astragalus sinicus green manure to filed.The results showed that,after turning Astragalus sinicus 18 000 kg·hm-2 into field every year,the yield of rice grain was the highest in N and K fertilizer treatment with base fertilizer∶tillers fertilizer∶panicle fertilizer=0∶5∶5,and respectively increased by 3.6%,4.9%,3.0% and 6.1% than that of treatments with base fertilizer∶tillers fertilizer∶panicle fertilizer=3∶4∶3,5∶5∶0,0∶7∶3 and 0∶10∶0,and the differences showed significant.The main economic characters which improved the rice yield was the increase of the setting grains per panicle.This may be the enough nutrient offered to single cropping rice in seeding stage after turning Astragalus sinicus manure into field.N and K fertilization application in retral growing period and the increase of panicle fertilization ratio could significantly improve the yield of rice grain.