海葵多肽类神经毒素的结构与药理学功能

海葵以其触手刺细胞中的毒液行使捕食和防御功能，其毒液中富含各种多肽类神经毒素，分子量为3—7kDa之间，分子序列中含多对二硫键以稳定其结构。海葵神经毒素以钠离子通道毒素和钾离子通道毒素为其主要成分，此外还发现有作用于其他离子通道的成分，此外，还有部分海葵毒素目前尚不清楚其分子靶标。不同类型的海葵毒素具有不同的空间结构。海葵毒素多肽的分子多样性使其成为动物毒素研究的一个重要分支，同时海葵多肽毒素对不同离子通道的特异性和高亲和性，使得它们成为神经生理学和药理学研究的一种重要工具。

The Structure and Pharmacological Function of the Peptide Toxins from Sea anemone venom

Sea anemone has many tentacles surrounding its mouth and the tentacles are used to protect the anemone and catch its food. The venom in the sea anemone tentacles comprise mainly peptide toxins with molecular weight 3-7 kDa and stabled by several disulfides. Sea anemones are a rich source of two classes of peptide toxins, sodium channel toxins and potassium channel toxins, in additionally, some peptide toxins that targeting other ion channels were also been found in the sea anemone venom. The sea anemone peptide toxins are characterized in their multiform functions and structures, which makes it an important branch of animal venom research. These peptide toxins have been or will be useful tools for studying the structure and function of specific ion channels.