蟹类繁殖力和卵巢发育研究进展

蟹类不仅是重要的经济甲壳动物，而且在海洋生态系中也扮演着重要的角色。其开发和利用已引起世界各国和地区的重视。从研究方法、影响因素和生产应用等方面，较系统地阐述了国内外对蟹类繁殖力和卵巢发育的研究现状。分析认为，繁殖力因种而异，并与栖息地纬度等因素有关。卵巢发育受到神经内分泌（神经激素和神经递质）和外界环境（温度、盐度、光照、底质等）等方面的影响。重量法和组织切片技术分别是当前繁殖力和卵巢发育研究的主要手段。体积法和解剖法在繁殖力研究中的应用有待于开发。卵巢发育研究应结合蟹类基础生物学，特别是生活史和习性等方面的研究。

Review of reproductive biology of Brachyuran

Crab is one of the important commercial crustaceans and plays an important role in the marine ecological system as well. Its exploitation and utilization have been recognized in the world. In this paper, the current studies about the fecundity and ovary development of crab have been discussed from study methods, affecting factors and applications. Results showed that the fecundities were different in different species, and related to latitude. The development of ovary was exogenous factors, neural incretion and environment. controlled by a complex interaction of endogenous and Hormones and neurotransmitters control the maturation of the ovary. Temperature, salinity, nutrition, and photoperiod also affect the maturation of the ovary. Weighting and slicing were the traditional and main ways to study the fecundity and ovary, respectively. Volume and dissection are potential ways to do fecundity researches. Results also showed that studies of ovary development should be combined with basic biology of crab, especially physiology, life history and behavior.