饲料中添加包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和体成分的影响

分别进行了两个试验考察包膜氨基酸的作用效果。试验一以硬化油脂、明胶包膜赖氨酸、蛋氨酸，测定了其水中溶失率。结果表明，晶体赖氨酸、硬化油脂、明胶包膜赖氨酸的水中溶失率分别为57．0％、14．3％、21．3％；晶体蛋氨酸、硬化油脂、明胶包膜蛋氨酸的水中溶失率分别为87．7％、19．0％、28．0％，晶体氨基酸经硬化油脂、明胶包膜后，其水中溶失率极显著降低（P〈0．01）；试验二在鱼粉含量为9％的基础饲料（对照组）中分别添加晶体、硬化油脂包膜、明胶包膜的0．23％赖氨酸和0．09％蛋氨酸，饲养平均体重为2．48g的异育银鲫鱼种6周。结果表明，对照组、晶体氨基酸组、硬化油脂包膜氨基酸组、明胶包膜氨基酸组的鱼体增重率分别为169．8％、173．3％、201．4％、200．2％，添加晶体氨酸对异育银鲫的生长无改善（P〉0．10），但添加硬化油脂包膜或明胶包膜氨基酸试验组鱼体增重率为18．6％、17．9％（P〈0．05），饲料系数下降0．28、0．37（P〈0．05），显著促进了异育银鲫的生长。对肌肉营养成分的分析表明，不同处理鱼体肌肉在水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分组成方面无显著差异（P〉0．05）。上述研究表明，晶体氨基酸经硬化油脂、明胶包膜处理后，其水中溶失率显著降低，利用性显著提高，在低鱼粉饲料中添加后对异育银鲫具有显著的促生长作用。

Effect of adding coated amino acid on growth and body composition of allogynogenetic crucian carp

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of coated amino acids.In Exp.1,crystal Lys,Met were coated with hardened lipid or gelatin,and the leaching loss in the water were 57%,14.3%,21.3% for crystal,hardened lipid coated and gelatin coated Lys,and 87.7%,19.0%,28.0% for crystal,harden lipid coated and gelatin coated Met.So the leaching loss of amino acid was significantly reduced by coating techniques.In Exp.2,0.23% Lys and 0.09% Met of crystal,hardened lipid coated and gelatin coated styles were added into basal diet(control group) containing 9% fish meal,to feed allogynogenetic crucian carp fingerling with body weight of(2.48 g.) After 6 weeks feeding,the growing rate of the four groups were 169.8%,173.3%,201.4%,200.2% for control group,crystal,hardened lipid coated and gelatin coated amino acids respectively.There was no effect of adding crystal amino acid on growing performance,but growing rate was improved by 18.6%,17.9%(P<0.05) and feed coefficient was decreased by 0.28,0.37(P<0.05) by adding hardened lipid or gelatin coated amino acid.Adding crystal or coated amino acid had no effect on muscle composition.Results above showed that the amino acid availability is significantly improved and the leaching loss in the water reduced by coating with hardened lipid or gelatin.