应用微卫星技术对野鲤和两种鲤选育品系的遗传多样性分析

用自行设计的１６对微卫星引物研究了野鲤、高寒鲤和荷包红鲤抗寒品系的群体内遗传变异及相互间的。微卫星分析结果表明：野鲤、高寒鲤和荷包红鲤抗寒品系平均扩增条带分别为４．９１、２．８２和２．４５，平均杂合度观测值分别为０．６４、０．４０和０．３８。表明野鲤的遗传多样性水平最高，高寒鲤次之，荷包红鲤抗寒品系最低。说明了人工繁育和养殖实践会造成物种遗传多样性的降低。本试验共发现了１个群体特异性标记２０９ｂｐ

The genetic heterozygosity analysis to wild carp and two cultivated strains of common carp using microsatellite technique

pairs of microsatellite primer were designed to characterize the genetic diversity within wild Cyprinus carpio and two cultivated stains, and the genetic relationship among them. The microsatellite data indicated that the average heterozygosity of three populations is 0.64, 0.40 and 0.38 respectively, demonstrating that the genetic diversity of wild common carp is the highest, and the frigid carp is more diversified than cold tolerant strain of red carp resource. This reveled that the artificial propagation and selective breeding maybe decrease genetic diversity. In this study, one population specific marker 209bp was found, it laid the foundation for further research concentrating on the linkage between the traits and the marker, and for molecular assistant breeding in fish. The genetic distance of three populations was calculated and cluster analysis was also carried out. The phylogeny reconstructed by the microsatellites data conformed to the artificial propagation operation of the cultivated strains.