世界淡水螯虾的分布与产业发展

淡水螯虾有540多种，在世界各地分布广泛，除非洲、南极洲之外均有自然分布。许多淡水螯虾种类例如克氏原螯虾、红螯螯虾、麦龙螯虾、雅氏螯虾、贵族螯虾和土耳其螯虾等经济价值较高，并有着多年的开发利用历史。淡水螯虾的生产主要有粗养、半精养以及精养等生产模式。我国以及许多欧美国家的淡水螯虾市场需求量较大，生产淡水螯虾利润较高。软壳淡水螯虾市场竞争力较强，产品供不应求，市场缺口较大。我国淡水螯虾分布广泛，产量巨大，而且其生产成本较低，在我国开展淡水螯虾的养殖尤其是软壳赘虾生产具有广阔的前景。

Distribution and industrial development of crayfish in the world

There are more than 540 species of crayfish in the world. Crayfish are widely natively distributed in the world except Africa and Antarctica. Some species of crayfish are well-exploited for years and have high economic value, including Procambarus clarkii, Cherax quadricarintus, destructor, Astacus astacus and Astacus leptodactylus. The crayfish aquaculture mainly includes extensive, semi-intensive and intensive types of production. The demand of crayfish market is very large in China and several western countries. The profit of crayfish production is very high. Soft-shell crayfish is high valued and greatly demanded. There is considerable potential for the development of markets for soft-shell crayfish. The development of crayfish culture in China is analyzed and it has a bright prospect to develop the industry of crayfish culture especially soft- shell crayfish production in China.