不同水稻杂交组合F_1育性表现及其遗传分析

本文对１６２个籼籼、粳粳、野栽、广亲和性品种与籼（粳）组合Ｆ１的小穗育性作了初步研究。结果表明，某一特定组合的Ｆ１育性（平均结实率）较为稳定，不同组合间的Ｆ１育性表现十分复杂。籼籼、粳粳、广亲和品种与籼（粳）杂交组合Ｆ１的平均结实率分别为６３．３％、５８．５ ％和５７． ８５％，而野栽组合、籼粳组合 Ｆ１育性分别为 ２９． ０５ ％和 ３４． ７９ ％。试验中还发现 ＩＲ３６／Ｄｕｌａｒ、广陆矮四号／南京 １１、秋光／勐宋 １号（云 ７）等杂交组合表现出异常杂交亲和性。广亲和性基因对Ｆ１的杂交亲和性有明显促进作用。在大量研究的基础上，本文作者提出了基于Ｆ１育性的Ｋ值、Ｌ值双向分布图，并对Ｋ值、Ｌ值指导下的稻种资源归类，搜集寻找及其利用等进行了分析。本文还对不同稻种遗传分化对杂交亲和性的影响，Ｆ１育性在不同稻种分类及其相关研究中的作用等进行了讨论。

Genetic Analysis of the F_1 Fertility among Different Rice Hybrids

One hundred and sixty-two different rice hybrids, including indica/indica(I/I),japonica /japonica (J/J),indica/Japonica(I/J),O. rufipogon/O. sativa(R/S)and wide-compatible varieties(WCV)/indica (japonica) (WCV/I (J)) were analyzed for the spikelet fertility. The results suggested that the F1 fertility varied greatly among different crosses,although for a special cross, the fertility (expressed as average seed setting rate,SSR) was relatively stable. The average SSR for I/I,J/J and WCV/I(J) were 63. 38, 58. 58 and 57. 858,respectively,but those for R/S and I/J were 29.058 and 34.798,respectively. Also,some prominent cross compatibility was found for several crosses. The wide compatible gene apparently increased the cross compatibility. Based on the F1 SSR, we proposed the binomial distribution for rice germplasm collection, analogy and utility. Finally, the effect of the rice germplasm genetic differentiation on the compatibility,the utility of the F1 fertility for rice germplasm analogy and related research were discussed.