温度、盐度和pH值对豹纹鳃棘鲈早期发育的影响

研究了不同温度、盐度和pH值对豹纹鳃棘鲈（Plectropomus leopardus LacSpSde）受精卵的培育周期、孵化周期、孵化率和畸形率的影响，并测定了各环境因子条件下仔鱼的不投饵存活系数（SAI）。结果表明：豹纹鳃棘鲈受精卵孵化适宜温度为24～30℃，最适温度为26～28℃；受精卵孵化适宜盐度为25～45，最适盐度为25～30；受精卵孵化适宜pH值为6．0～8．5，最适pH值为7．0～8．5。由仔鱼不投饵系数可知，豹纹鳃棘鲈仔鱼生存的适宜温度为20～30℃，最适生存的温度为20～26℃；仔鱼生存的适宜盐度为10～40，最适生存的盐度为20～35；仔鱼生存的适宜pH值为5．5～8．5，最适生存的pH值为7．0～8．5。豹纹鳃棘鲈受精卵和仔鱼对温度、盐度和pH值3种环境因子的耐受能力的范围基本一致。

Effects of Different Temperatures and Salinities and pH Values on the Early Development of Plectropomus leopardus Lac~p~de

The incubation and hatch periods, hatchability and deformity rates of fertilized eggs, and the survival activity index （SAI） of newly hatched larvae of Plectropomus leopardus Lacépède were observed at the tempera- tures of 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 ℃, salinities of 4.0, 9.0, 14.0, 19.0, 24.0, 29.0, 34.0 and 39.0, and pH values of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5. The result showed that the fertilized eggs of P. leopardus were hatched at the temperature range between 24 ℃ and 30 ℃ with the optimum temperature being 26 - 28℃, at the salinity between 25 and 45 with the optimum salinity being 25 - 30, and at the pH values of being 6.0 - 8.5 with the optimum pH values being 7.0 - 8.5. The survival activity index showed that larvae had a fit survival temperature range of 20 - 30 ℃ with the optimum temperature range between 20 and 26 ℃, a fit salinity range of 10 - 40 with the optimum salinity of 20 - 35, a fit pH value range of 5.5 - 8.5 with the optimum pH values of 7.0 - 8.5. The fertilized eggs and larvae of P. leopardus Lacépède shared similar tolerance to the three different environmental factors, temperature, salinity and pH.