食积胃肠积热动物模型的探索与评价

目的 探索高热量饲料灌胃大鼠制备食积胃肠积热动物模型的方法，并对其进行评价。方法 将幼龄SD大鼠分为正常组与模型组，采用高热量饲料灌胃的方法建立食积胃肠积热模型。采集大鼠宏观表征，检测代谢指标，进行食积胃肠积热的诊断及考证；取大鼠结肠组织，做HE染色，观察大鼠肠组织炎症情况，并以免疫组化法观察大鼠结肠NF-kB p65的表达。结果 与正常组相比，模型组大鼠体态消瘦、体质量增加缓慢、攻击性较强、饮食量降低（P<0.01）、排便时间有延长趋势（P>0.05）、排便量降低（P<0.01）；病理示大鼠结肠黏膜层变薄，杯状细胞数量减少，黏膜下固有层局部充血、水肿、纤维增生，结肠黏膜NF-κB p65呈弥漫性分布，为深棕黄色粗颗粒，有向固有层扩散趋势。模型表征与小儿食积临床诊断要点具有一定符合度，符合食积胃肠积热成模标准。结论 高热量饲料灌胃大鼠制备食积动物模型符合中医学胃肠积热特点。

Establishment and Evaluation of Dyspeptic Model Animals with Accumulated Heat in Stomatch and Intestine

Objective To establish and evaluate the dyspeptic animal model with accumulated heat in stomatch and intestine by administrating a high calorie diet.Methods The young SD rats were divided into the normal group and model group. Dyspeptic animal model with accumulated heat in stomatch and intestine was established by administrating a high calorie diet. The diagnosis and research of dyspeptic animal model with accumulated heat in stomatch and intestine were assessed by collecting the macroscopic characterization and detecting the metabolic index. Colon tissue was measured by HE staining, and the expression of NF-kB p65 in colon tissue was observed by immunohistochemistry to evaluate the intestinal inflammation in rats.Results Compared with the normal group, the rats in the model group were thinner, slower in weight gain, more aggressive, with less intake food (P<0.01), prolonged defecation time (P>0.05) and decreased defecation amount (P<0.01). Pathology showed that the colonic mucosa of rats became thinner and the number of goblet cells decreased. Local hyperemia, edema and fibrous hyperplasia were observed in the submucous lamina propria. The expression of NF-kappa B p65 in the colonic mucosa was diffusely distributed, with a deep brown and coarse grain, and a diffusion trend to the lamina propria. The model characterization was consistent with clinical diagnosis of infantile dyspepsia, which fitted the standard of dyspeptic animal model with accumulated heat in stomatch and intestine.Conclusion The method of administration with a high calorie diet can successfully establish the dyspeptic animal model with accumulated heat in stomatch and intestine, which is in accordance with the characteristics of TCM.