施磷量对玉米生长发育产量构成因子及品质的影响

以驻玉309为试材，设P205施用量0（不施用磷肥，CK）、37.5kg/hm^2、75.0kg/hm^2。和112.5kg/hm^2。计4个处理，研究了不同施磷水平下产量构成因素、产量、根系干重、叶面积指数、干物质积累以及籽粒品质的变化。结果表明：磷肥施用量在37.5-75.0kg／hm^2。范围内，可以提高根系的吸收性能，延缓叶片衰老时间且降低衰老速度，有助于提高光能利用率和促进地上部干物质积累，并提高籽粒产量和品质。在试验土壤肥力条件下，施磷量为75.0kg/hm^2。时，穗长、穗行数、行粒数和千粒重均最大，根系干重、叶面积指数、地上干物重以及籽粒品质较好，玉米产量最高为7313.0kg／hm^2。

Effects of Phosphorus Application Amount on Growth and Development, Yield Components and Quality of Maize

The effects of phosphorus application amount on the yield components, yield, root dry weight, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and seed quality of maize variety Zhuyu 309 were studied. The results showed that 37.5-75.0kg/hm^2 phosphorus could increase the root absorption ability, delay the leaf senescence, improve the light use efficiency, promote the dry matter accumulation, and increase the seed yield and quality. When the phosphorus application amount was 75.0kg/hm^2, the ear length, ear rows, row grain and 1000-seed weight were the maximum, the root dry weight, leaf area index, dry matter weight over ground and seed quality were better, and the yield of maizewas the highest （7313.0kg/hm^2）.