衡观35小麦丰产稳产性分析及增产途径探讨

对衡观35小麦6 a计90点次的区试和示范的丰产稳产性进行了分析,并对不同种植区域的增产途径进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)衡观35是1个矮秆大穗、抗病抗倒、高产广适型小麦品种,产量稳定在7 500~8 250 kg/hm2,并具有9 750~10 500 kg/hm2的产量潜力;(2)相关分析和通径分析结果表明,不同种植区域的产量结构不同,黄淮南片麦区三因素顺序为千粒重单位面积穗数穗粒数,冀中南麦区三因素顺序为穗粒数千粒重单位面积穗数;(3)单位面积有效穗数对产量的直接作用最大,在黄淮南片冬麦区、冀中南冬麦区通径系数分别为0.761 3和0.539 8;(4)在保证630万~675万穗/hm2群体结构的基础上,黄淮南片麦区主攻千粒重,冀中南麦区重点增加穗粒数,可发挥该品种的最大丰产潜力。

Analysis on High and Stable Yield and Yield Increasing Ways of Hengguan 35

The high and stable yield of Hengguan 35 was analyzed,and the yield increasing ways were discussed.The results showed that it had the characteristics of big spike,short-stem,diseases resistance,lodging resistance,high quality and wide adaptability.It kept a stable yield of 7 500～8 250 kg/hm2,and had the yield potential of 9 750~10 500 kg/hm2.The results of correlation analysis and path analysis indicated that the yield components in different planting regions were different,those in the North of Yellow-Huai River area was 1 000-grain weightear number per unitgrain number per ear,and those in the South Centre of Hebei was grain number per ear1 000-grain weightear number per unit.The effective ear number per unit directly influenced the yield.The path coefficients of the North of Yellow-Huai River area and the South Centre of Hebei were 0.761 3 and 0.539 8,respectively.On the basis of 6.30×106-6.75×106 ears per hectare,the highest yield potential could be achieved by improving 1 000-grain weight and grain number per ear in the North of Yellow-Huai River area and the South Centre of Hebei,respectively.