短日照处理对河北香菊生长发育的影响

河北香菊属多年生短日照药用菊花(Chrgsathemum morifolium Ramat)品种,霜降后开花,容易受霜冻为害,造成严重减产和质量下降.以河北香菊越冬苗为试材,研究了短日照处理和遮光材料对河北香菊生长发育的影响.结果表明:短日照处理可促使河北香菊提早现蕾开花,但对植株生长发育有一定影响,植株表现变矮.短日照处理较大田自然生产可提前开花4～7 d,增加霜前花产量,降低霜冻为害.连续遮光处理30 d条件下,较适宜的日照时数为9 h;连续遮光处理40 d条件下,每天日照时数控制在10 h较好,可提早开花6 d,又能获得较高的单株产量.利用黑色遮阳网和黑色塑料薄膜遮光对促进开花效果差异不明显,但黑色遮阳网通透性优于塑料薄膜,利于植株生长发育,单株产量高.

Effect of Short-day on Growth and Development of Hebei Xiangju

As a kind of perennial short-day Chrysanthemum hoar frost descending, and the yield and quality was affected the growth and development were studied in Hebei Xiangju. morifolium Ramat, Hebei Xiangju blossoms after the easily by frost. The effect of short-day and shading on The results showed that the bud and bloom time was earlier 4-7 d with short-day treatment than the natural producing region under short-day treatment, the plant was small with less buds and flowers but increase the flowers before frost and decrease the damage caused by frost. The appropriate time for shading was 9 h in the condition of shading continuously for 30 d, the flowering time can be earlier 6d and get the higher single plant yield for shading 9 h in the condition of shading continuously for 30 d. The difference in flowering effect was not significant when shading with between black shading wet and black plastic, but the plant growth and development can get better effect and high yield with black shading wet which had better permeability.