不同覆盖材料对苹果冠层环境叶片光合作用和果实品质的影响

以5 a生天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠为试材,研究了苹果树生长期覆盖白色地膜、塑料地膜和黑色地布对冠层环境以及叶片光合作用和果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同覆盖处理的树冠内相对光照强度顺序为白色地膜塑料地膜黑色地布,但冠层内的温度和湿度差异均不明显;叶片SPAD值和Pn顺序均表现为白色地膜黑色地布塑料地膜;单果重、可溶性固形物含量和果形指数顺序均表现为白色地膜黑色地布塑料地膜,着色指数和光洁指数顺序均表现为白色地膜塑料地膜黑色地布。苹果树盘覆盖白色地膜有利于提高冠层内的光照强度,提高叶片光合能力和果实品质。

Effects of Different Cover Materials on Environment of Canopy,Photosynthetic Ability and Fruit Quality of Apple Tree

The 5-year-old Tianhong No.2/SH40/Malus robusta Rehd. were used to research the effects of different cover materials on environment of canopy, photosynthetic ability and fruit quality of apple tree. The results showed that white film significantly increased relative light intensity of the lower and the bore of crown,while the inner canopy temperature and humidity had no significant differences among treatments. The best to improve SPAD and the photosynthetic ability of leaf was white film, followed by the black ground cloth. Among different cover materials treatment,fruit weight,soluble solids content,fruit coloration index,smooth indices were the highest on the white film treatment. In summary,white film mulching on the apple tray will improve the canopy light intensity,the photosynthetic capacity and fruit quality.