不同施氮条件下配施锌肥对大蒜生长发育品质和产量的影响

采用盆栽试验,分别在正常施氮(施氮量300 mg/kg)和过量施氮(施氮量600 mg/kg)条件下,研究了配合施用锌肥3 mg/kg对大蒜苗期生物学性状、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:过量施氮会对导致苗蒜生长严重减缓、长势明显较弱;苗蒜和蒜头硝酸盐含量显著升高,产量明显降低。相同施氮水平下配施锌肥,可以促进苗蒜株高增加,叶面积扩大;大幅度降低苗蒜和蒜头的硝酸盐含量,其中,正常施氮条件下苗蒜、蒜头硝酸盐含量分别降低17.56%和60.80%,过量施氮条件下苗蒜、蒜头硝酸盐含量分别降低30.01%和16.55%;提高蒜头的大蒜素含量;明显提高蒜苗和蒜头产量,其中,正常施氮条件下苗蒜、蒜头产量分别提高30.49%和9.59%,过量施氮条件下苗蒜、蒜头产量分别提高16.19%和23.64%。建议大蒜在施肥过程中配施锌肥,以降低硝酸盐含量,提高品质和产量。

Effects of Zinc Fertilizer on the Growth and Quality and Yield of Garlic under Different Nitrogen Application Conditions

The effects of combined application of Zn fertilizer 3 mg/kg on biological characters of seedling and quality and yield of garlic under the conditions of normal and excessive nitrogen application were stud-ied by pot experiment. The results showed that excessive nitrogen fertilization led to a serious slowdown in the growth of garlic,significant increasing of nitrate contents of seedlings and garlic,obvious decreasing of yield. Under the same nitrogen application condition,application of Zn fertilizer could promote the increase of plant height, increase the leaf area, and decrease the nitrate contents of seedlings and garlic, which were decreased by 17.56% and 60.80% under the normal condition, and 30.01% and 16.55% under the excessive condition,respectively. Also garlic allicin content and yield were improved by application of Zn fertilizer,the yields of seedlings and garlic were increased by 30.49% and 9.59% under the normal condi-tion and by 16.19% and 23.64% under the excessive condition. So it suggested that application of Zn fertil-izer in the fertilization process to reduce the nitrate content,improve the quality and yield of garlic.