黑龙港地区施氮方式对不同类型冬小麦品种产量及水分利用率的影响

为了筛选出黑龙港地区不同类型冬小麦品种适宜的施氮方式,以该生态区大面积推广的3个不同类型冬小麦品种邯6172(粒重侧重型)、河农6049(粒数侧重型)和衡4399(穗数侧重型)为试材,在氮肥施用量均为270 kg/hm~2条件下,试验设氮肥底施与追施比例(底追比)3∶7、5∶5和7∶3计3个水平,研究了3种施氮方式对不同类型冬小麦的产量及水分利用率的影响。结果表明:氮肥使用比例以及品种类型均与小麦产量和水分利用率高度相关,穗数侧重型品种衡4399宜采用底追比3∶7的施氮方式,平均产量为7 181.54 kg/hm~2,水分利用率为22.26 kg/(hm~2·mm);粒重侧重型品种邯6172和粒数侧重型品种河农6049宜采用底追比5∶5的施氮方式,平均产量分别为7 176.23和7 166.05 kg/hm~2,水分利用率分别为22.05和22.00 kg/(hm~2·mm)。

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Different Type Winter Wheat Varieties in the Heilonggang Valley

Heilonggang valley is the winter wheat major production belt of Hebei Province, and is short of water resource. In order to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application ratios on yield and water use efficiency of three different type winter wheat cultivars,Han 6172 with high kernel weight,Henong 6049 with multiple kernels and Heng 4399 with multiple spikes. 3 ratios of base and topdressing of 3:7,5:5 and 7:3 of nitrogen fertilizer under the amount of nitrogen fertilizer 270 kg/hm2 had been test-ed. The results showed that the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer and variety types were highly correlated with the yield and water use efficiency of wheat,the best ratio of base and topdressing of Heng 4399 with multiple spikes was 3:7, in which the average yield was 7 181.54 kg/hm2 and water use efficiency was 22.26 kg/(hm2·mm),and the suitable ratio of Han 6172 and Henong 6049 was 5:5,under the condition the average yield were 7 176.23 and 7 166.05 kg/hm2, water use efficiency were 22.05 an d 22.00 kg/(hm2·mm),respectively.