玉米主要农艺性状与产量的相关及通径分析

为探寻各主要农艺性状在玉米产量构成中的相对重要性,以自主选育的35个玉米杂交组合为研究对象,通过随机区组品比试验,进行产量与主要农艺性状的相关和通径分析,可为进一步提高玉米产量和选育高产玉米品种提供理论依据。结果表明：产量与穗粗、百粒重、株高和生育期呈极显著正相关,与穗行数和出籽率呈显著正相关;出籽率和百粒重对产量的直接效应较大。在玉米品种选育时,选择果穗粗、行数多、单穗重、百粒重高、出籽率高等性状,以及在保持优良抗倒伏性情况下适当提高株高,有助于选育出高产型品种。

Correlation and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Maize

The correlation and path analysis of yield and main agronomic traits of 35 maize combinations were made by the randomized block experiment in order to provide the theoretical basis for increasing the yield and selecting the high yield varieties. The results showed that the yield was very significantly correlated with ear diameter, 100-seed weight, plant weight and growth period, showed a high positive correlation with ear rows and seed-producing percentage, and was influenced directly by the seed-producing percentage and 100-seed weight. The traits of wide ear, more rows, high single panicle weight, high 100-seed weight, and high seed-producing percentage could be selected in variety breeding. Under the premise of lodging resistance, increasing the plant weight was helpful for high-yield varieties breeding.